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Wine Storage/Wine Cellar

Wine Storage/Wine Cellar

Wine Storage/Wine Cellar

WINE STORAGE AND WINE CELLAR

The traditional way to store wine is making underground caves, in which temperature is relatively low and no much ventilation. Nowadays, residential and commercial wine cellars are common. 
Temperature and humidity are the two essential factors which govern proper wine storage at their best quality. Many people ask whether I still in need of a dehumidifier although I already have a cooling device. You cannot invest in equipment to keep your wine cellar cool without thinking about how to make sure it’s also adequately humid. 

THE IDEAL WINE STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY LEVELS

  • Temperature within the range of 45 to 55 degrees Fahrenheit
  • Relative humidity of 50% to 70%

Humidity too low, the bottle corks might shrink. An over-shrunk cork will allow entry of Oxygen into the bottle and deteriorate the wine.
Humidity too much, mold form on corks, labels, and everywhere else in the storage facility. 

GREEME'S DEHUMIDIFIER DEVICE / UNIT HELP MONITORING AND CONTROL WINE STORAGE AND WINE CELLAR

Keeping tabs on your storage space can be aided by our constant temperature and humidity dehumidifiers. If humid conditions are an issue for you, our commercial dehumidifiers of refrigerant type can be helpful; if in dry conditions, a cool-mist, wine storage humidifier is a great help in achieving optimum humidity levels for your wine.
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Water And Wastewater Treatment Facilities

Water And Wastewater Treatment Facilities

Water And Wastewater Treatment Facilities

WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES

Some municipalities operate their own public utilities. Water and wastewater treatment is the one. You can figure out that the water treatment plant requires the installation of pumping stations (both subterranean and above ground) in order to make the water movement in the system. 

WHY NEED DEHUMIDIFIER FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES

The common problems of these facilities face is the chronic condensation. It occurs when any time object surface temperature is below the dew point of the surrounding air. It will attack metal surfaces such as holding, treatment and filtration tanks, pump room equipment, pipes, supports, electrical equipment and the physical structure of the facility. This condensation and subsequent corrosion problem lead to the deterioration of the treatment plant. 

water treatment plant

EXCESSIVE MOISTURE WILL LEAD TO

  • Destructive effects
  • Damp environment can cause corrosion of metal, deterioration of paint
  • Failure of electrical components.
  • Sanitation breeding ground for the development of bacteria, fungus and molds.

GREEME WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES DEHUMIDIFIERS

Greeme Water and Wastewater Treatment Facilities water treatment plant dehumidification help to maintain the room dew point temperature prevent the moisture formation on metal surface and preserve the expensive equipment in these facilities: pumping stations to filtration buildings to sludge dewatering. 
Each fresh and wastewater treatment plant is unique and may require a custom solution. Greeme specializes in the manufacture of high efficiency dehumidification equipment designed for providing year-round consistent humidity levels. Please feel free to contact us to make a unique design for you.
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Swimming pool

Swimming pool

Swimming pool

SWIMMING POOL DEHUMIDIFICATION

Most pool facilities, indoor swimming pools or spa rooms, need heat a majority of time for both the water and the air to a comfortable temperature, which will generate much humidity in the air. Besides, the humidity in these facilities also comes from ventilation, evaporation of the pool water and the damp ground. 

The damp air contains chlorine or bromine disinfectants which are used as water treatment. If left uncontrolled, these chemicals will attack what they contact. Eventually, the mold and mildew will appear and permeate every corner in your facilities, which will be harmful to your interior structure - metal fixtures, exterior walls or glass surfaces, cause costly ongoing repairs, renovation and business interruptions, and even will lead to health issues to your guests, your family and your staff members. 
To avoid mold and interior structural problems, investing a spa room dehumidifier for an indoor pool or spa room can stabilize a healthy and comfortable environment, protects the facility and save your money. Using a dehumidifier also decreases the use of outside air, as well as the energy used to heat or cool the air.

LET GREEME'S SWIMMING POOL DEHUMIDIFIER TO HELP YOU

Greeme has designed the economical, efficient and durable system to actively decease the humidity levels. Our pool dehumidifiers for swimming pool and spa rooms can cope with the harsh environment in your facilities. The ceiling type also can be wall mounted or can be ducted into the ventilation systems. 

PREPARATION TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT TYPE OF A DEHUMIDIFIER FOR SWIMMING POOL OR SPA ROOM

  • Requirements for the volume of outdoor air according to your facility’s size
  • Normally, when you are under the typical condition of the indoor space of 82°F water temperature, 84°F air temperature, the most comfortable humidity is 50% to 60% RH. You can choose the right one to match your humidity requirement
  • Your budget. Anyway, nowadays, user experience is highly advocated. Reasonable investment and comfortable atmosphere will attract more customers for you.
Swimming Pool Dehumidification
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Super Markets

Supermarket Dehumidification

Super Markets

SUPERMARKET DEHUMIDIFIERS

WHY YOU NEED SUPERMARKET DEHUMIDIFIERS AND HUMIDIFIERS?

The humidity system for Supermarket needs to be designed according to its configurations. It is much more complex because one supermarket contains different stores, large system of refrigeration, air conditioning and a large flow of customers. The moisture mainly comes from the fresh air which is needed to neutralize the inner space due to the large flow of customers' movement. However, the high density of humidity will lead to varies degrees of fog or hoar in the stores. To keep refrigeration operation, prevent the mold and mildew issues and make customers and employees feel comfortable, the incoming air should be dehumidified at relative level. 


In some cases, as we all know, to keep the freshness of the vegetables and fruits, supermarkets also equipped with humidifiers to realize this. 

GREEME'S SUPERMARKET DEHUMIDIFIERS

Greeme has extensive experience to ensure your indoor air quality. Our commercial dehumidifier will protect the latent load to make sure the cooling effect. 

refrigeration case loads supermarket-moisture-loads
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Seed Drying and Storage

Seed Drying and Storage

Seed Drying and Storage

SEED DRYING AND STORAGE

The seed storage is usually in cold storage. The effectiveness of drying is the key to prolong storage life. Most seed-bearing plants will consider the room design with humidity control system which can make seeds tolerate the temperature; reduce the likelihood of germination, attacks by pathogens, insect infestation, discolouring and loss of freshness.
15 percent equilibrium relative humidity is the ideal level for Seed drying, the control of which normally should be carried out within 24 hours of harvesting. There are many seed drying methods including incubator drying, drying cabinets, desiccant drying and charcoal drying. With moderate quantities, you can install a dehumidified drying cabinet, which can reduce the moisture content to a safe level for sealed storage. And a dry room equipped with a desiccant dehumidifier for storage unit is the most appropriate drying method for drying large quantities of seeds. The benefits of a desiccant dehumidifier are the portability to move it around the room and its ability to operate efficiently in cool conditions.
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Plastic Production

Dehumidifier Plastic Processing

Plastic Production

PLASTIC PRODUCTION

Plastics, to maintain the ideal quality, usually require a relative low humidity for the plastic in the manufacture.

Most plastic is supplied as dry materials, only a small part of plastic is humid. Many kinds of plastic, i.e. PET, Nylon, ABS, Acrylic, Polyurethane, PC, PBT, are in some way hygroscopic (attracts water vapor). So before manufacturing, they need to be dried by dehumidifier to the acceptable level. 
The plastic injection and blow molding machines should be dried before using. In order to achieve high production volume, generally, the mold is chilled to a very cold temperature, and then the components quickly form as the desired shape. In the process, water vapor in the ambient air will condense on the mold surface, especially during the summer period. 


WHAT WILL THESE CONDENSATION LEAD TO?

  • Unqualified products, due to the condensation make watermarks, cracks.
  • Corrosion in expensive molds and guide pin, high cost to repair.
If the temperature of mold surface temperature increased, the cycle time of components forming will be longer; consequently, the productivity will certainly be decreased. So we recommend incorporating a dehumidifier, mold temperature of 5°C or lower can be achieved, without the risk of sweating.

GREEME PLASTIC DEHUMIDIFIER / DEHUMIDIFIER FOR PLASTIC PRODUCTION

Greeme Plastic dehumidifier will help you eliminate the condensation. Our desiccant dehumidifier absorbs the moisture from the air. To regulate and control the relative humidity in your production line, our dehumidification system also will promote the output. Also, the dried air that our device produced also is beneficial for your raw material storage.
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Indoor Ice Rink

Indoor Ice Rink

Indoor Ice Rink

ICE RINKS DEHUMIDIFIERS

WHY ICE RINKS NEED DEHUMIDIFIERS

Ice rinks and curling make the indoor room in a relative low temperature. Humidity enters with the frequent opening and closing doors, the incoming warm air. If not control the humidity in the indoor ice rinks and curling, condensation forms, usually in the ceiling. 
With excessive moisture, many problems will occur: drops of condensation dripping down to the rink surface, puddles on the ice, vision-obscuring fog and soft ice. These problems will definitely pose a dangerous threat to skaters inside and lead to unpleasant experience to the customers. So controlling the humidity at ice rinks is necessity and highly recommended. 

GREEME'S ICE RINKS DEHUMIDIFIERS

Greeme's ice rink dehumidification systems  have high performance, which remove large amounts of moisture from the air, ensuring fog-free conditions year around. 
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Hotels

Hotels

Hotels

HOTEL DEHUMIDIFIERS

A successful hotel will definitely want to give the guests and customers a lasting impression. As a guest, we always wish that the stayed hotel is favorable, friendly, healthy and comfortable. 

Rise of humidity will lead to high condensation in the hotel room. The moisture will be formed on the surface of walls and ceilings, which is very harmful to the hotel guest rooms. As the hotel rooms are normally closed, the humidity will stay in the room. In long term, the indoor décor will be damped, the furniture turns out to be musty and unfriendly odor comes out when you open the door. So, what will your guests and customers' feel? 


Even, other residential rooms of hotel, like kitchen, dining, gym and spa, will also face the headache problems with increase in humidity level. Increase in humidity will crop in problems like musty curtain, unhygienic atmosphere, smelly rooms, damped equipment, microbial growth and health problem. Thus, dehumidifiers are of vital importance to assure pleasant guest experience in your hotel. Even for Resorts, the various segments like Gymnasiums, Spas and Restaurants also are in need of humidity control. So, stop and manage the humidity problem in your hotels.

GREEME'S HOTEL DEHUMIDIFIER PROVIDE THE SOLUTION FOR YOU

Our hotel dehumidifier will keep the exact humidity level----RH (Relative Humidity) level. They will remove the excess moisture to outside, which let you keep the constant humidity in your hotels. With relatively dry air, the air remains fresh, no odor, and healthy, and the walls don't get damp. Yes, your customers will have a comfortable room and experience always. They will have a pleasant stay in your hotel and resorts. 
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Hospitals and Surgery Suits

Hospitals and Surgery Suits

Hospitals and Surgery Suits

DEHUMIDIFIER FOR HOSPITAL AND SURGERY SUITS: HEALTHCARE DEHUMIDIFIER Hospital Dehumidification

Controlling the humidity level is a major concern for the Healthcare Industry. Increasing and decreasing humidity is not ideal especially for hospital and clinics. Too dry, the dry air will suck moisture even the moisture of mucous membranes in the nose and throat to cause respiratory problems. The outside air will carry bacteria within and come to the healthcare facilities by the ventilation system. Too humid, the bacteria grow rapidly, which is particularly true in warm, humid climates. Keeping at a reasonable relative humidity levels will maintain the good condition of the indoor room, and make some bacterium and virus to die very quickly.
Some patients are also sensitive to the humidity, like the patients after surgery, the maternity and obstetric departments. In hospitals and clinics, there are also various expensive equipment and medicines that have to be preserved against the adverse effects of increased or decreased humidity on them. 

In surgery units, patients in operation are sensitive to the humidity of the indoor environment. The humidity will be drawn off the body and make inconvenient or dangerous problem. So, the humidity is a necessity to prioritize the indoor environmental and keep the safety of the patients in these facilities. 

GREEME'S HOSPITAL/SURGERY SUITS DEHUMIDIFIER IS YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER

By maintaining the increased humidity to the acceptable levels, we will
  • Help patients heal and keep comfort levels for all building users.
  • Keep equipment on well functioning.
  • Promote the reduction in some disease, like allergies, respiratory disease, nasal congestions, skin infections.
  • Protect building spaces from mold, mildew and moisture
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Sports Facilities/Gymnasium

Sports Facilities/Gymnasium

Sports Facilities/Gymnasium

DEHUMIDIFIERS AND HUMIDIFIERS FOR SPORTS FACILITIES AND GYMNASIUM

Exercising is essential, and becomes more and more popular nowadays. To keep and gain more members, gym owners start to invest in assuring the customers' overall experience in their sports facilities. One way to improve this is to keep humidity like swimming pools, ice rinks, sports halls and sports arenas. Using dehumidifier is necessary because high humidity affects the members' ability and efficiency to cool themselves by evaporating the sweat of their body. And the gym will be stuffy if the humidity maintains a high level, which is really an uncomfortable experience for the customers and athletes. 

Problems of moist, molds, rust, high bacteria and funky smell also can be prevented and solved with a gym dehumidifier.

GREEME'S SPORTS FACILITIES DEHUMIDIFIER AND GYMNASIUM IS YOUR SOLUTION

We have various kinds of models designed for use of home, commercial and industrial area. 

According to your room space, we have a professional dehumidifier for gym for you to choose. Our economical, efficient and durable system will actively decrease the humidity levels. The ceiling (wall mounted) type is widely adopted in swimming pools. And Shougang Gymnasium has adopted our Greeme GMCF Series. 
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Greenhouse

Greenhouse

Greenhouse

GREENHOUSES

In the agriculture industry, Greenhouse is a very important part, which is globally utilized for the production of high value vegetables and fruits. 

WHY DEHUMIDIFIERS ARE NEEDED IN GREENHOUSES

Normally, in day time, the inner climate of greenhouse is incredibly warm. Excessive heat and too much moisture will shrivel fruit and can easily devastate your vegetation. In night, when the temperature outside is relatively lower than the greenhouse, condensate forms on the cooler surface. These water droplets will harbor and spread disease or fungi to the crops. Vegetables and fruit cannot withstand being too warm or too humid and ideally the environment should be in the region of 24 – 27 °C temperature and 60 – 70 % relative humidity maximum. 

If you want to reach the maximum productivity of your greenhouse, you must take humidity control into consideration. Introduction of a commercial greenhouse dehumidifier  to such an environment would regulate humidity and temperature within the greenhouse. As long as your growers are exposed under optimum conditions, they will achieve resulting in maximum and healthy yield. 

GREEME GREENHOUSE DEHUMIDIFIERS

Greeme develops and manufactures energy efficient climate control systems for greenhouse applications. The innovative product range includes ventilation, evaporative cooling, and heating. 

greenhouse climate control
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Food and Beverage Production

Food and Beverage Production

Food and Beverage Production

DEHUMIDIFIER FOR FOOD AND BEVERAGE PRODUCTION

In Food industry, the production, processing, packaging and storage facilities require good hygiene. So regulated and consistent climate control is critical.
  • BAKERY
Overly moist or dry condition is not suitable for a bakery room. So let's discover some.

BENEFITS OF DEHUMIDIFIER IN BAKERY ROOMS

  • With a dehumidifying system installed, the indoor air climate will turn to be benefit for baked good.
  • Reduce flour dusting as well as cool employees.
  • Ensure finishes bakery products and decorative additions look pristine. Visual appeal is a driving force of customers to buy the delicious bakery products.
  • Ensure the relative humidity in baking process and exposed storage.
  • MEAT
Dehumidification and Humidification for meat

MEAT PROCESSING

The RH in meat processing workshop needs to be regulated to provide a suitable climate for meat process. As condensation will forms when meat are in chilled process. This condensation can result in dripping from the ceiling, with subsequent reductions in hygiene standards.

BENEFITS OF DEHUMIDIFIER IN MEAT INDUSTRY

  • 1 Free of condensation
  • Pleasant working climate for employees
  • Premises easy to be dried, cleaned
  • CHEESE CURING
Cheeses need a warm, moist environment ----RH level of around 60% to 95%, and a temperature range of between 10-13° Celsius, for cold storage RH should be around 60-65%.
The ripening and aging process needs proper air circulation and a controlled climate. 

To create the desired cheese, it needs to humidify to increase the RH. So you need Greeme's heat pump dehumidifier drying of food  that consistently balanced moisture making it easier than ever to cure any variety of cheese of all sizes. 

  • CROP STORAGE HUMIDIFICATION & HUMIDITY CONTROL
In order to keep fresh when handing to the hand of customers, the crops will be cool very rapidly under 2 and 4°C. However, if a relative high temperature when crops harvested, such as >20°C, the degree of cooling required to bring the crop to storage temperature will damage the crop.
To counter this, moisture is needed to be added during the chill down period. When this period is finished, the usual way is to give a fog, cycling by 15 minutes of cooling followed by 5 minutes. This cycle being repeated until the crop is down to temperature. 

  • MUSHROOMS
Suitable environment for cultivating mushrooms: dark and humid, optimum air humidity of 95%RH.
So you need a humidification system to regulate the humidity in this room. 

  • CONFECTIONERY
To maintain high standard of confectionery like chocolate, sugar coating and sugar, it is essential to have close control of the humidity. No matter the production or the package, the damp or moist air makes the finished products stuck, leading a low appeal or quality for customers. 

  • BREWING INDUSTRY
In this industry, the process of brewing is in need of large amounts of heat, water and malted grain.  So hygiene is of priority since the condemnation of mold and fungus will be harmful and unsafe to the process and finished products. The solution is to check the humidity, making ambient in a regulated one to make sure the brewing process.
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Cold Storage and Freezers

Cold Storage and Freezers

Cold Storage and Freezers

WHAT IS COLD STORAGE AND FREEZERS

Active cold storage and freezers rooms are refrigerated warehouses required for dynamic storage applications. Why cold storage and freezers need freezer dehumidifier?

Hence moisture from the outside air gets easily attracted into the cold room very quickly. For this reason, the humidity inside a cold room goes up to 80-90% or sometimes even up to 99%. The temperature difference of inner and outside air will easily form condensation and ice that is main reason for the humidity.

FEATURES OF COLD STORAGE AND FREEZERS:

  • Various temperature zones within the same warehouse according to stored products requiring different temperatures: ice cream, frozen foods and cold storage of fresh fruits and vegetables, medicine.
  • Frequent movements of products
  • The cold room has a low temperature between 2 to 8°C. Hence moisture from the outside air gets easily attracted into the cold room very quickly.
  • Many sources of moisture-laden air: entrance doors open, the goods stored within the facility, people and vehicles present within the facility etc.
  • Humid Air Filtration like opening doors frequently, contribute 90% of the moisture

HOW TO REDUCE HUMIDITY IN COLD STORAGE AND FREEZERS

We have found some facilities installed air curtains and automatic air curtains. However, it is only can prevent the infiltration to some degree, and cannot eliminate the moisture. So we suggest you to install our large capacity dehumidifiers.

GREEME'S COLD STORAGE AND FREEZERS DEHUMIDIFIER

Greeme's desiccant rotor/absorption dehumidifiers provide reduced energy consumption, increased safety and a cleaner environment.
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Archives, Libraries and Museums

Archives, Libraries and Museums

Archives, Libraries and Museums

DEHUMIDIFIER FOR ARCHIVES, LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS

Museum Dehumidifier for archives, libraries and museum is a device eliminating the excessive moisture from these facilities in order to protect the objects stored and prevent the damage of precious works of arts. 

WHY NEED DEHUMIDIFIER IN ARCHIVES, LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS

The stability of the surrounding environment is a vital and basic factor in the preservation of archives, libraries and museums. Archives and libraries, usually house documents, films or photographs which need to be stored for a long time. Moisture air will affect the condition and damaged in some way of art collections, documents. Archives have different climate control requirements depending on the objects stored, such as photographic film must be kept under + 2 ºC, 30% RH. 

Fluctuations in temperature and humidity are caused by external factors, such as the weather or the number of visitors. Compared with libraries and museum, the ventilation of archives is relatively lower due to fewer visitors will enter into archives. Museums need to control the temperature and humidity around exhibits 24/7 due to the frequent fluctuation will occur in many occasions. 

Concerning humidity, temperature and filtration of the air in archive, in order to achieve a stable climate control in archives, libraries and museums, you need to equip our desiccant dehumidifier, which will simultaneously.
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Pullulanase

Pullulanase enzyme is produced from Bacillus licheniformis by deep fermentation. It can be widely used in beer, starch sugar, monosodium glutamate, alcohol, and other industries. Pullulan enzyme is a thermally stable debranching enzyme (cotyl-1, 6-glucosidase) applied at pH. It can hydrolyze the pentyl-1, 6-d-glycoside bonds in the liquefied starch to produce the straight chain polysaccharides containing thee-1, 4-d-glycoside bonds. It can act on amylopectin quickly and effectively, and cooperate with other enzymes (saccharifying enzyme, amylase of fungus) efficiently, so as to accelerate the reaction speed and increase the content of glucose and maltose. pullulanase assay is also tested on Shingenzyme.

Product info

 

Pullulanase Features

The product is a brown liquid.

Product specification: liquid, 1000u/ml and 2000u/ml

 

Pullulanase Work Conditions

Temperature: temperature between 40 ℃ ~ 65 ℃, the optimum temperature is 55 ℃ ~ 60 ℃.

PH value: it is applicable to the pH range from 4.0 to 7.0, and the most suitable range is 4.2 to 4.8.

 

Pullulanase Use Method

  1. During the process of glucose production, Pullulanase is used in the saccharification process together with the saccharification enzyme. The use of Pullulanase increases the yield of glucose by reducing the content of oligosaccharides and can reduce the amount of saccharification enzyme.

 

  1. In the production of maltose, Pullulanase and β-amylase are required to cooperate. Pullulanase improves the rate of maltose and reduces the number of branched oligosaccharides, which can produce maltose syrup with 70% content.

 

  1. The application of Pullulanase in the beer industry to produce dry beer can reduce the content of dextrin. Adding this enzyme in the saccharification process can improve the saccharification effect and shorten the saccharification time. The added amount of this product is about 10~50ml/t wort (enzyme activity is measured in 1000 units).

 

  1. The application of Pullulanase in improving starch can increase the content of amylose. And change the abdominal, anti-digestive and solubility of starch to different degrees. As the most suitable addition amount at the start point of small dose experiment, 0.6-2.0l /t raw material (enzyme activity is measured in 1000 units) is recommended, which will be maintained for 6~12 hours under the most suitable conditions.

 

  1. Other industries: Pullulanase can be added in the saccharification steps of monosodium glutamate, alcohol, vinegar, and soy sauce to reduce residual dextrin and improve the utilization rate of raw materials. As the most suitable addition amount at the start point of small dose experiment, 0.1-0.3l /t raw materials are recommended.

 

Pullulanase Packaging and Storage

The product is packaged in a non-toxic plastic bucket, 25kg/ barrel. This product is a biologically active substance, should be placed in low temperature, dry place, and avoid direct sunlight. This product allows a small amount of precipitation, stirring evenly will not affect the efficiency of use. The product has a shelf life of 6 months under 15 degrees Celsius and under low temperature.

 

Safety Matters

Enzymes are proteins that can cause allergies or allergic reactions in certain people. Prolonged contact may cause discomfort in the skin, eyes, and nasal mucosa. Therefore, any overflow, even a small overflow should be cleaned up in time. Wash the enzyme solution immediately on the skin or eyes with water and seek guidance from a specialist.

 

Matters Needing Attention

  1. Avoid inhalation and avoid contact with mucous membrane during use. If there is any contact, flush with water in time.
  2. After the original packaging unsealed, please use as soon as possible, the rest should be sealed at low temperature (below 25 ℃).
  3. The product shall be kept away from rain and sun exposure during storage and transportation, and shall not be mixed with hazardous substances.

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Finishing Services

What is Finishing Services?
When developing products, you need to make testable samples for various tests. In addition to the standard requirements for the performance of the materials and the consistency of the molding, many occasions need to beautify the appearance and connect the external parts. product finishing services often include finishing design services, metal finishing services, quality finishing services, industrial finishing services and so on. Parts produced by all processes face the challenge of improving surface quality. Post-processing of the manufactured parts is an effective way to improve the surface quality of the parts. That is exactly finishing services.

Finishing Services Processes

Electroplate

Electroplate

Color electroplate

Color electroplate

 

Finishing Services
 
Provide customers with competitive solutions such as rapid prototype, mass production, small batch production, 3D printing, mold making, and injection molding. With more than 20 years of extensive production experience in the rapid prototyping china industry, it is the world's largest rapid prototyping service company.
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1.Preface
Monolithic tiny switch power supply integrated circuit has the advantages of high integration, high cost performance, the simplest peripheral circuit and the best performance index. It can form an isolated switching power supply without power frequency transformer with high efficiency. From 1994 to 2001, a series of monolithic switching power supply products, such as TOPSwitch, TOPSwitch II, TOPSwitch FX, TOPSwitch GX, TinySwitch, TinySwitch II and so on, have been successively introduced in the world. They have become the preferred integrated circuits for developing medium and small power switching power supply, precision switching power supply and switching power supply modules.
High frequency transformer is an important part of switching power supply for energy storage and transmission. The performance of medium and high frequency transformer in monolithic switching power supply not only has a great influence on power efficiency, but also has a direct bearing on other technical indicators and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Therefore, a high efficiency high frequency transformer should have low DC loss and AC loss, low leakage inductance, small distributed capacitance of winding itself and small coupling capacitance between windings. The main points of its design are described below.

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2. Reducing Loss of High Frequency Transformer
2.1 DC Loss
DC loss of high frequency transformer is caused by copper loss of coil. In order to improve the efficiency, we should choose the thicker conductor as far as possible, and take the current density J = 4 ~ 10A / mm2.
2.2 AC Loss
AC loss of high frequency transformer is caused by skin effect of high frequency current and loss of magnetic core. High frequency current always tends to flow through the surface when passing through the conductor. This will reduce the effective flow area of the conductor and make the AC equivalent impedance of the conductor much higher than the copper resistance. The penetration ability of high frequency current to conductor is inversely proportional to the square root of switching frequency. In order to reduce AC copper impedance, the conductor radius should not exceed twice the depth of high frequency current. The relationship between the wire diameter and switching frequency is shown in Figure 1. For example, when f = 100kHz, the diameter of conductor is 0.4mm in theory. But in order to reduce the skin effect, the thinner wires can actually be wound side by side, instead of a thick wire.
The core loss of the high frequency transformer also reduces the efficiency of the power supply. The AC flux density of the transformer can be estimated by the following formula:
 
Bac=(0.4pi*Np*Ip*Krp)/2delta
In formula B: BAC is AC flux density in T;
NP and IP are primary turns and primary peak current respectively.
KRP is the ratio of primary pulsating current to peak current.
Delta is the air gap width of the core in cm.
To design a high frequency transformer working in continuous mode, the typical value of BAC is about 0.04-0.075T. The loss of ferrite core at 100kHz should be less than 50mW/cm3.
3. Reducing Leakage Inductance of High Frequency Transformer
Leakage inductance must be minimized in the design of high frequency transformers. Because the larger the leakage inductance, the higher the peak voltage amplitude, the greater the loss of the drain clamp circuit. This will inevitably lead to lower power efficiency. For a high frequency transformer which meets the insulation and safety standards, its leakage inductance should be 1%-3% of the primary inductance when the secondary circuit is open. In order to reach the target below 1%, it will be difficult to achieve in the manufacturing process. The following measures can be taken to reduce leakage inductance:
1) Reduce turn number NP of primary winding;
2) Increase winding width (e.g. select EE core to increase skeleton width b);
3) Increase the ratio of height to width of windings;
4) Reduce the insulation layer between the windings;
5) Increase the coupling between windings.
3.1 Reduce the number of primary winding turns and increase the ratio of height to width.
 
The leakage inductance can be effectively reduced by choosing suitable core shape, reducing the number of primary turns and increasing the ratio of height to width. The leakage inductance is proportional to the square of the primary turns. The size of the selected core should be large enough to enable the primary winding to be wound into two or less layers, so that the primary leakage inductance and distributed capacitance can be minimized. Keep in mind that it is not suitable to use the core of a short and fat window because of its large size, small ratio of height to width and large leakage inductance. It corresponds to POT, RM, PQ and some E-type cores. It is suggested to use thin and high core, which has a high aspect ratio and corresponds to EE, ETD, EI and EC cores.
Triple Insulated Wire (Triple Insulated Wire) is a newly developed high performance insulated conductor in recent years. The conductor has three insulating layers, with core wires in the middle. Its insulating layer is golden polyamide film, which is called "gold film" abroad. The total thickness of the insulation layer is only 20 to 100 microns, but it can withstand several kilometers of pulse high voltage. Triple insulated wires are suitable for high frequency transformer windings of micro motor windings and miniaturized switching power supply in the field of advanced technology and national defense. Its advantages are high insulation strength (any two layers can withstand the safe voltage of AC3000V), no barrier layer is needed to ensure safe margin, and no insulating tape layer is used to winding between layers. The volume of the high frequency transformer winded with it can be reduced by half compared with that winded with enameled wire. An optimum design scheme of high frequency transformer is to use ordinary high strength enameled wire to winding primary and feedback stage, and triple insulated wire to winding secondary stage. In this way, the leakage inductance can be greatly reduced, and the volume of high frequency transformer can be reduced by 1/2 to 1/3.
 
3.2 Winding Arrangement
 
To reduce leakage inductance, windings should be arranged in concentric manner. As shown in Figure 2, secondary windings in Figure 2 (a) are made of triple insulated wires. In Fig. 2 (b), all enameled wires are wound. However, a safe margin should be set aside and a reinforced insulation layer should be added between the secondary winding and the feedback winding. For multi-output switching power supply, the secondary winding with the highest output power should be close to the primary winding to increase coupling and reduce magnetic leakage. When the number of secondary turns is very small, in order to increase the coupling with the primary, it is advisable to use multi-strand parallel winding to evenly distribute on the whole skeleton to increase the coverage area. If conditions permit, foil winding as secondary is also a good way to increase coupling.
In the process of switching power supply, the distributed capacitance of winding is charged and discharged repeatedly, and the energy on it is absorbed. Distributed capacitance not only reduces the efficiency of power supply, but also constitutes LC oscillator with distributed inductance of winding, which will produce ringing noise. The effect of distributed capacitance of primary winding is particularly significant. In order to reduce the distributed capacitance, the length of the conductor per turn should be reduced as much as possible, and the initial end of the primary winding should be connected with the drain pole, and a part of the primary winding should be used to shield and reduce the coupling degree of the adjacent windings.
4. Suppressing Audio Noise of High Frequency Transformer
4.1 Suppression of Audio Noise of High Frequency Transformer
The attraction between EE or EI cores of high frequency transformer can displace the two cores. The force of gravity or repulsion between winding currents can also offset the coil. In addition, mechanical vibration can lead to periodic deformation. All these factors will make the high frequency transformer produce audio noise when it works. The audio noise frequency of single-chip switching power supply under 10W is about 10kHz ~ 20kHz.
In order to prevent the relative displacement between magnetic cores, epoxy resin is usually used as binder to bond the three contact surfaces (including the central column) of two magnetic cores. But the effect of this rigid connection is not ideal. Because it can't minimize the audio noise, and there are too many adhesives, the magnetic core is easy to break when it is subjected to mechanical stress. Recently, a special Glassbeads cementing agent has been used abroad to bond ferrite cores such as EE and EI, and the effect is very good. The binder is a mixture of glass beads and adhesives in a ratio of 1:9. It can be cured when it is placed in a temperature environment above 100 C for one hour. Its function is similar to that of ball bearings. After curing, each core can still independently deform or displace in a small range, while the overall position remains unchanged, which has a restraining effect on deformation. The internal structure of high frequency transformer bonded with glass bead adhesive is shown in Fig. 3. This technology can reduce the audio noise by 5 dB.
4.2 Shielding of High Frequency Transformer
In order to prevent the leakage magnetic field of high frequency transformer from interfering with adjacent circuits, a copper sheet can be surrounded outside the transformer to form a shielding band as shown in Fig. 4. The shielding belt is equivalent to a short circuit ring, which can restrain the leakage magnetic field. The shielding belt should be connected to the ground.
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Antibiotics Fermentation Broth Clarification

 Cephalosporin

Cephalosporin is the second class of β-Lactamase found in nature following by penicillin. Any of various broad-spectrum antibiotics, closely related to the penicillins, which were originally derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. It has many advantages of high efficiency, broad-spectrum, low toxicity and enzyme-resistance which has been developed four new products to its range. It belongs to superior antibiotics that its application is growing widely. Advanced production technique is very pressing to meet brisk demands of the market both domestically and internationally. Cephalosporin C, or simply as CPC, is the source of original nuclear(7-amino cephalosporanic acid)of various cephalosporium antibiotic.

During the production of CPC, frame filter press, rotate vacuum drum filter are still used as a means of separation to remove protein, mycelium, and solid particulates. The technical means available on site did not achieve satisfactory degrees of separation. Meanwhile, those methods are unable to separate the massive existences of soluble protein, macro-molecule organic matters from the broth. The filtered broth shows not high transmittance with residual insolubility and soluble impurities which would increase the difficulty in the downstream extraction process and have a bad effect on the quality and yield of final product. According to market adjusting, some companies are asked to improve separation performance by means of membrane technology and to reduce the product losses. With the wide applications of ceramic membranes, they will play a significant role in separation and purification of antibiotics.

cephalothin


Three steps are introduced in order to guarantee the yield of CPC in the process of filtrate fermentation broth for the production of CPC by ceramic membranes. Pre-concentration step is made to let feed volume Vo concentrate to Vd and permeates are obtained meanwhile; diafiltration step is to add cleaning agents in the wanted liquids while filtration and effective ingredients are got to reach a high yield ; post-concentration step is to concentrate wanted liquids to Ve aiming to treat residuals conveniently and improve yield further.

Ceramic membrane filtration system could intercept protein and solid particulates from the untreated antibiotic fermentation broth. The protein –removing the capability of this technology is 10 times as much as that of the original process, with filtration yield increasing by 6%. The attenuation range of membrane flow rate is narrow and thus a better product quality can be obtained.

cephalothin


The temperature of CPC fermentation broth from the fermented process drops to 10 below zero and it is acidified to pH2.5-3.0 by the use of hydrofluoric acid.

Then CPC clarity is got due to removing mycelium, suspended solids, and macromolecular protein through the filtration process. In the next refining process, macroporous resin adsorption and ion-exchange are applied, and then nanofiltration and reverse osmosis are also used to obtain concentrated CPC.

Process

process

 Spectinomycin

Spectinomycin is an older antibiotic from S. spectabilis whose structure contains an unusual tricyclic ring. Spectinomycin is sold under the tradename Trobicin among others, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of gonorrhea infections. It is given by injection into a muscle.

In the process of spectinomycin bio-fermentation, there are many bacteria, protein, macromolecular pigment, insoluble starch and sub-micron particles in the fermentation broth. The presence of these impurities can cause blocking in the post-ion exchange adsorption or pollution in the post-extraction, affect the extraction and purification efficiency and lead to the decline of the quality of follow-up products, and even feed contamination, resulting in product scrap, so industrial production must be separated to remove such impurities.

Clarification fermentation broth is usually done by plate frame filtration, vacuum drum filtration, diatomaceous earth filtration, centrifugation, and other methods.

However, neither of these methods can completely and effectively separate the impurities in the fermentation broth, which can easily cause blockage and frequent replacement of the filter medium, thereby affecting work efficiency.

With many years of experience in filtration and membrane separation technology  in the pharmaceutical industry, ceramic membrane filtration technology and organic membrane filtration technology are successfully applied to fermentation broth clarification process to solve the problem of clarification in the production of fermentation broth which achieves the goal of simplifying process, convenient operation, clean production requirements and development of advanced scientific and technological innovation.

spectinomycine

 Erythromycin

Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin and is often used for people who have an allergy to penicillins.

Erythromycin is mainly fermentation production. As the fermentation broth contains a large number of mycelium, protein and polysaccharide material, to the separation and extraction of erythromycin caused difficulties affecting their yield and quality. Therefore, before the separation and extraction of the fermentation broth need pretreatment. At present, a more commonly used method is flocculation and high-speed centrifuge. The former sterilization rates are relatively high, but the removal of proteins and polysaccharides less effective, resulting in a high solution viscosity, affecting the crystallization process of the follow-up; the latter large energy consumption, equipment is expensive, in the actual production is difficult to wider application.

During the production of erythromycin, frame filter press, rotate vacuum drum filter are still used as a means of separation to remove protein, mycelium, and solid particulates. The technical means available on site did not achieve satisfactory degrees of separation. Meanwhile, those methods are unable to separate the massive existences of soluble protein, macro-molecule organic matters from the broth. The filtered broth shows not high transmittance with residual insolubility and soluble impurities which would increase the difficulty in the downstream extraction process and have a bad effect on the quality and yield of final product. According to market adjusting, some companies are asked to improve separation performance by means of membrane technology and to reduce the product losses. With the wide applications of ceramic membranes, they will play a significant role in separation and purification of antibiotics.

Features of ceramic membrane systems

  • Continuous operation mode, allowing continuous feed, permeate and concentration
  • Fully automatic control system
  • Accurate diafiltration process
  • CIP system
  • Applicable for filtration at high temperature
  • Mechanically strong, highly resistant to wide ranges of pH values, and resistant to acids, caustic, organic solvents and strong oxidants;
  • High concentration factor, low water consumption, and small waste discharge

erythromycin


Integrated Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration  is a separation in recent decades developed a new technology, better removal of macromolecules such as proteins and polysaccharides. With this technology, the usage of exacting solvent and de-emulsifier will be greatly minimized, reducing the load on the followed high-speed centrifuge, solvent recycles and treatment of waste solids and wastewater. Moreover, NF permeates could be recycled directly as UF diafiltration water, extensively reducing the consumption of water and the load on wastewater treatment.

erythromycin

 Lincomycin

Lincomycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that comes from the actinomycete Streptomyces lincolnensis.

A related compound, clindamycin, is derived from lincomycin by using thionyl chloride to replace the 7-hydroxy group with a chlorine atom with inversion of chirality

Process

  • Fermentation pretreatment
  • Solvent extraction
  • Bleaching
  • Crystallization
  • Drying
  • Final product
Lincomycin

 Colistin sulphate

Colistin sulphate, also known as polymyxin E, is an antibiotic produced by certain strains of the bacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa. Colistin sulphate is a mixture of the cyclic polypeptides colistin A and B and belongs to the class of polypeptide antibiotics known as polymyxins. Colistin sulphate is effective against most Gram-negative bacilli.

Colistin sulphate Separation and Purification technology is suitable for industrial production of modern antibiotics using microbial synthesis, which can replace traditional purification technologies such as adsorption, precipitation, solvent extraction and ion exchange.

colistin sulphate


Separation process provides optimum solutions with the unique characteristics without any chemical reaction, no phase change, does not destroy the biological activity, environment-friendly.

 CLAVULANIC ACID

Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam drug that functions as a mechanism-based β-lactamase inhibitor.

In the process of clavulanic acid bio-fermentation, there are many bacteria, protein, macromolecular pigment, insoluble starch and sub-micron particles in the fermentation broth. The presence of these impurities can cause blocking in the post-ion exchange adsorption or pollution in the post-extraction, affect the extraction and purification efficiency and lead to the decline of the quality of follow-up products, and even feed contamination, resulting in product scrap, so industrial production must be separated to remove such impurities.

Clarification fermentation broth is usually done by plate frame filtration, vacuum drum filtration, diatomaceous earth filtration, centrifugation and other methods.

However, neither of these methods can completely and effectively separate the impurities in the fermentation broth, which can easily cause blockage and frequent replacement of the filter medium, thereby affecting work efficiency.

With many years of experience in filtration and membrane separation technology in the pharmaceutical industry, ceramic membrane filtration technology and organic membrane utrafiltration technology are successfully applied to fermentation broth clarification process to solve the problem of clarification in the production of fermentation broth which achieves the goal of simplifying process, convenient operation , clean production requirements and development of advanced scientific and technological innovation.

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Every summer is the season of trouble for major factories and workshop managers. Why are we saying this? The current workers' treatment requirements have been improved, and the work environment without central air conditioning or environmental air conditioning work has caused a shortage of employment. The installation of central air-conditioning will increase the cost of corporate expenses, which is a lot of money. Not every business can afford the cost of expensive central air conditioning. What about the large workshops where air conditioners cannot be installed? The times are changing, is technology solved?

Our company believes that business owners can install big air industrial fan for their own factories and workshops. This is the best solution for both. Compared to central air conditioning, the cost of installing big air industrial fan is much lower. So what are the advantages of large industrial fans?

1. The big air industrial fan specifically solves the problem of high space ventilation and cooling;
2. The big air industrial fan needs up to 1.5 kWh per hour;
3. The big air industrial fan has a large coverage area and low overall input cost;

The company specializes in the production and manufacture of industrial fans, and produces and sells industrial fans, industrial fans, big air industrial fans, industrial ceiling fans, industrial large ceiling fans, and large industrial ceiling fans. When you buy a big air industrial fan, our company is a good choice.

big air industrial fan
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Production Status of Microcrystalline Wax in China

Microcrystalline wax has special physical and chemical properties and is widely used in grease thickening, paraffin modification, daily chemical industry, papermaking industry and food industry. There are abundant resources of microcrystalline wax in China. Nanyang and shenyang crude oil are the ideal raw materials for the production of microcrystalline wax.  KING HONOR INTERNATIONAL LTD is a famous microcrystalline wax manufacturer in China. 

In China, microcrystalline wax was prepared from vacuum residue of high wax crude oil by propane deasphalting and solvent dewaxing in combination with the production of residual lubricating oil. The solvent dewaxing and deoiling process of microcrystalline wax is the same as that of paraffin production, However, deasphaltene oil has high molecular weight and low solubility. In order to obtain microcrystalline wax products with low oil content, the composition of the mixed solvent needs to reduce the ketone content. At the same time, because of the microcrystalline structure of residuum wax, it is difficult to separate oil wax. The solution viscosity is large, and the filtration speed is slow.  A larger solvent ratio than paraffin is needed to produce oil wax. The process flow of microcrystalline wax hydrotreating is the same as that of paraffin hydrotreating. Due to the heavy fraction, complex components and high content of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen, the hydrotreating process conditions are rather harsh.

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Most of the microcrystalline wax production plants in China were built in the 1970s and 1980s. The residua obtained from decompression of high wax crude oil were used as raw materials. After propane deasphalting and solvent refining, the microcrystalline wax was produced by solvent deoiling. It is difficult to produce high quality products because the process is backward and the refining method is not suitable.

KING HONOR INTERNATIONAL LTD was founded in 2008 with ten years of production experience. It is the domestic famous microcrystalline wax manufacturer,  providing quality wax supply services for customers. Welcome customers to come to inquire.

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