Some of the people in the Israelite camp complained about the food. Moses was aggravated and the Bible says God was extremely angry. The Lord, however, put into place two solutions. One was short-term and the other was a long-term solution. Click on the link below to read about them and how one of them relates to you. #BibleStudy #Devotions #Numbers

https://www.ramckinley.com/the-story-of-moses-and-the-complaining-people/

• LCD digital screens use liquid crystals sandwiched between two layers of glass to display images. They are widely used in digital signage due to their affordability, high resolution, and color reproduction.
• LED Screens are composed of an array of light-emitting diodes that emit light when an electric current passes through them. LED screens are known for their high brightness, contrast, and energy efficiency. They are often used in outdoor or large-scale digital signage applications.
• OLED Screens are made of organic compounds that emit light when an electric current is applied. They offer exceptional color reproduction, high contrast ratios, wide viewing angles, and thin form factors. OLED screens are commonly found in high-end digital signage displays.
• Video walls consist of multiple display screens arranged in a grid to create a larger display area. These screens can be LCD, LED, or OLED panels. Video walls are used to create visually impactful and immersive experiences in locations such as control rooms, retail stores, and event venues.
• Interactive Touchs creens, Some digital display screens feature touch-sensitive overlays, allowing users to interact with the content. These touchscreens can facilitate interactive experiences, such as wayfinding, product browsing, or information retrieval. They are commonly found in retail stores, museums, and educational institutions.
• Transparent displays use specialized technology to create screens that allow viewers to see both the displayed content and objects behind the screen. These screens offer unique design possibilities and are often used in showcases, retail displays, and augmented reality applications.

  

Plumbing systems form the backbone of residential, commercial, and industrial infrastructure. Ensuring the efficient flow of water and other fluids requires the use of reliable and durable pipe fittings. Among the various options available, cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings stand out as a popular choice due to their exceptional strength, longevity, and versatility. In this article, we will delve into the key features and benefits of cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings, shedding light on why they are an essential component in plumbing systems.

Superior Strength and Durability:

One of the primary reasons for the widespread adoption of cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings is their remarkable strength and durability. Cast iron, known for its exceptional mechanical properties, offers high tensile strength, impact resistance, and corrosion resistance. These fittings can withstand substantial pressure and are less prone to cracking or warping compared to other materials. As a result, they provide long-lasting performance and minimize the need for frequent maintenance or replacement.

Versatility and Adaptability:

Cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings are available in a range of sizes, configurations, and dimensions, making them highly adaptable to diverse plumbing applications. Whether it's a residential water supply system, sewage infrastructure, or industrial pipelines, these fittings can be tailored to suit specific project requirements. The flexibility of cast iron fittings ensures compatibility with

Efficient Fluid Flow

Efficient fluid flow is crucial in plumbing systems, and cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings excel in this aspect. The smooth internal surface of these fittings reduces friction and minimizes pressure losses, allowing for improved flow rates and optimized system performance. With minimal resistance, water and other fluids can traverse plumbing networks more efficiently, reducing energy consumption and enhancing overall operational efficiency.

Fire Resistance and Noise Reduction:

Another notable advantage of cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings is their fire resistance. Cast iron is inherently non-combustible, making it an ideal choice for installations where fire safety is paramount. Additionally, these fittings possess excellent acoustic properties, effectively reducing noise transmission within plumbing systems. This feature is particularly beneficial in residential or commercial buildings where noise reduction is necessary for a comfortable living or working environment.

Longevity and Environmental Sustainability:

Investing in cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings ensures long-term cost savings and environmental sustainability. The durability and corrosion resistance of cast iron contribute to extended service life, reducing the frequency of replacements. Furthermore, cast iron is a recyclable material, aligning with eco-friendly practices and reducing the environmental impact of plumbing systems. By choosing cast iron fittings, individuals and organizations demonstrate their commitment to sustainable infrastructure development. Click here to get what you want!

Conclusion:

Cast iron 90 degree elbow fittings serve as essential components in modern plumbing systems, offering unparalleled strength, durability, and versatility. Their ability to ensure efficient fluid flow, resist fire, reduce noise, and contribute to long-term sustainability makes them a preferred choice for plumbing professionals and engineers. By incorporating cast iron fittings, individuals and organizations can enhance the performance, reliability, and longevity of their plumbing infrastructure.

In the realm of automotive engineering, 4-cylinder diesel engines have emerged as the unsung heroes of power and efficiency. These compact powerhouses have revolutionized the automotive industry, delivering a remarkable combination of performance, fuel economy, and reduced emissions. In this article, we delve into the inner workings of 4-cylinder diesel engines and explore the reasons behind their widespread popularity.

Compact Powerhouses: Maximizing Performance in Minimal Space

At the heart of a 4-cylinder diesel engine lies a symphony of engineering marvels. Despite their smaller size compared to their larger counterparts, these engines pack a punch, offering commendable performance for a wide range of applications. By employing advanced turbocharging and direct injection technologies, 4-cylinder diesels achieve impressive power outputs while maintaining a compact and lightweight design. This makes them an ideal choice for various vehicles, including sedans, SUVs, and light-duty trucks.

Unrivaled Fuel Efficiency: The Power of Compression Ignition

One of the key advantages of 4-cylinder diesel engines is their exceptional fuel efficiency. The concept of compression ignition, unique to diesel engines, allows for higher compression ratios, leading to improved thermal efficiency. This means that diesel engines can extract more energy from each drop of fuel, resulting in reduced fuel consumption compared to their gasoline counterparts. The inherent efficiency of 4-cylinder diesel engines contributes to longer driving ranges and reduced carbon footprint, making them an environmentally friendly choice.

Torque: The King of Pulling Power

4-cylinder diesel engines are renowned for their substantial torque output. Torque, the rotational force generated by an engine, is vital for applications such as towing, hauling, and climbing steep gradients. Due to their design and combustion characteristics, diesel engines produce higher torque at lower engine speeds compared to gasoline engines. This attribute allows 4-cylinder diesel engines to excel in off-road vehicles, compact pickups, and other heavy-duty applications.

Lower Emissions: Striking a Balance between Power and the Environment

In recent years, environmental concerns have driven significant advancements in diesel engine technology. Modern 4-cylinder diesel engines are equipped with sophisticated emissions control systems, including selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and diesel particulate filters (DPF). These technologies help minimize harmful pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), while still delivering the power and efficiency for which diesel engines are renowned. As a result, 4-cylinder diesel engines are compliant with stringent emission regulations and contribute to cleaner air quality.

The Future: Electric Assistance and Hybridization

With the automotive industry transitioning towards electrification, 4-cylinder diesel engines continue to evolve. Hybridization and electric assistance technologies are being integrated into diesel powertrains, resulting in even greater efficiency and reduced emissions. By combining the instantaneous torque of electric motors with the fuel efficiency of diesel engines, these hybrid systems offer the best of both worlds. This synergy promises an exciting future for 4-cylinder diesel engines, as they adapt to meet the demands of a changing automotive landscape.If you have needs, you can click here to learn more!

Conclusion:

4 cylinder diesel engines have established themselves as formidable powerplants, offering an optimal balance between performance, efficiency, and reduced emissions. With their compact size, fuel economy, and impressive torque output, these engines have become the go-to choice for a wide range of applications. As technological advancements continue to shape the automotive industry, 4-cylinder diesel engines are poised to maintain their prominence while embracing hybridization and electric assistance. The future looks bright for these powerhouses, promising a sustainable and powerful driving experience for years to come.

Remember, FAWDE are experts in diesel engine building. If you are interested in learning more about diesel engines, please feel free to contact us!

Have you given any thought to what God’s plan is for your life? In this devotion, we'll take a look at how different the Lord's plans were for Peter, James, and John. Click on the link below to also see why it's important to know God's plan for your life. #Acts #BibleStudy #Devotions #Discipleship

https://www.ramckinley.com/what-is-gods-plan-for-your-life/

Greetings in The Mighty Name of Jesus, The Christ!!!

Life Storms

1 Peter 5:9 KJV

“Whom resist stedfast in the faith, knowing that the same afflictions are accomplished in your brethren that are in the world.”

Brothers and Sisters we are going to face trouble, hardships, pain and suffering in this World that we now Live in, there is No Way around it. There are a few things that we can look at to bring Understanding to our anguish.

The very first thing we need to do is Pray and lift it up to Jesus making Him Lord over the situation, that He may bring some type of Resolution. We Need to let Jesus know of Our Sufferings that we are going through, this is what in part makes Jesus Lord over Our Lives. That when the Storms come, we Call Out to Jesus Our ONLY Savior.

Matthew 8:22-27 KJV

“²² But Jesus said unto him, Follow me; and let the dead bury their dead. ²³ And when he was entered into a ship, his disciples followed him. ²⁴ And, behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the ship was covered with the waves: but he was asleep. ²⁵ And his disciples came to [him], and awoke him, saying, Lord, save us: we perish. ²⁶ And he saith unto them, Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith? Then he arose, and rebuked the winds and the sea; and there was a great calm. ²⁷ But the men marvelled, saying, What manner of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him!”

Brothers and Sisters it does Not Matter what Life Storms you are going through, it does Not Matter if is an Addiction, Child Issues, Health Issues, Marital Issues, Family Issues, Friends, Jobs, Money and the list goes on. Jesus is The Only Answer to what we face and Praise Jesus Our Savior and Lord that we can run to Him Night or Day.

Understand this, that when we Call Upon Jesus we MUST BELIEVE that He is more than able to take care of the Life Storms that we face. Our Faith Must be unwavering.

Hebrews 11:6 KJV

“But without faith [it is] impossible to please [him]: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and [that] he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him."

James 1:5-8 KJV

"⁵  If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all [men] liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him. ⁶ But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering. For he that wavereth is like a wave of the sea driven with the wind and tossed. ⁷ For let not that man think that he shall receive any thing of the Lord. ⁸ A double minded man [is] unstable in all his ways."

When we come to Jesus, He Expects us to Fully Trust Him, having No Debts that He is more than able to get us through Life Storms, but we Must Rest IN Jesus as The Answer, He IS The Solution! We may not see any Hope to Our Resolution, but Jesus knows the Beginning and End of Every Life Storm that we go through and His Work will be to His Glory ALWAYS!

There are times that a Life Storm may be over whelming, seem to get the best of us, that is okay, for that is the Weakness of Our Flesh that is being revealed. We may even fall because of a Life Storm, but it is not necessarily the Fall as much as what you do after the fall. Jesus wants us to come to Him no matter what we face in this World and if we Fall and Run to Jesus as Our Only Savior, He will pick us up once again. There are Pit Falls all around us, we are bombarded hourly, daily. But the one thing is, you cannot stay in that Fall, you Must Seek Jesus, Repent and allow Him to work out the issue that you face.

Brothers and Sisters we are not alone in these Life Storms, it may seem like it, but we are not. You may think that your Life Storm is Unique to you and you only, but know this, there are other Brothers and Sisters who have had to Face these same Life Storms that you now face. It may not be Identical in every aspect, but the same Like Issue will be the same.

1 Peter 5:9 KJV

“Whom resist stedfast in the faith, knowing that the same afflictions are accomplished in your brethren that are in the world.”

Now with that being said, Understand this, your Life Storm may be from several issues or for reasons beyond our understanding. We need to know that not all of Life Storms are from the enemy and some are created from Our Own Sins. We need to Understand that if we Disobey The Word, The Holy Spirit then we open doors that should not be open that will allow situations to happen, that should have never happened. It was Not in Our Lord Jesus will for such a Life Storm that you now face.

Isaiah 59:2 KJV

“But your iniquities have separated between you and your God, and your sins have hid [his] face from you, that he will not hear."

In this case Repentance is required, but again Understand this, it does not mean that you still will not have to walk through what you are going through until it is finished. It is Restitution for you sin. With that being said this does not mean that Jesus will not help you to Endure what you are facing. In some cases it may be the Rest Of Your Life.

In Our Life Storms, no matter if they are from Sin or just Life itself, we can use it to Glorify Jesus. Our Brother Paul endured many hardships in his life, but in all, he Glorified Jesus.

2 Corinthians 11:18-31 KJV

"¹⁸ Seeing that many glory after the flesh, I will glory also. ¹⁹ For ye suffer fools gladly, seeing ye [yourselves] are wise. ²⁰ For ye suffer, if a man bring you into bondage, if a man devour [you], if a man take [of you], if a man exalt himself, if a man smite you on the face. ²¹ I speak as concerning reproach, as though we had been weak. Howbeit whereinsoever any is bold, (I speak foolishly,) I am bold also. ²² Are they Hebrews? so [am] I. Are they Israelites? so [am] I. Are they the seed of Abraham? so [am] I. ²³ Are they ministers of Christ? (I speak as a fool) I [am] more; in labours more abundant, in stripes above measure, in prisons more frequent, in deaths oft. ²⁴ Of the Jews five times received I forty [stripes] save one. ²⁵ Thrice was I beaten with rods, once was I stoned, thrice I suffered shipwreck, a night and a day I have been in the deep; ²⁶ [In] journeyings often, [in] perils of waters, [in] perils of robbers, [in] perils by [mine own] countrymen, [in] perils by the heathen, [in] perils in the city, [in] perils in the wilderness, [in] perils in the sea, [in] perils among false brethren; ²⁷ In weariness and painfulness, in watchings often, in hunger and thirst, in fastings often, in cold and nakedness. ²⁸ Beside those things that are without, that which cometh upon me daily, the care of all the churches. ²⁹ Who is weak, and I am not weak? who is offended, and I burn not? ³⁰ If I must needs glory, I will glory of the things which concern mine infirmities. ³¹ The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which is blessed for evermore, knoweth that I lie not."

Our Brother Paul also suffered an infirmity that Our Lord Jesus would Not Deliver him from, that it was used to keep Paul Humble before The Lord Jesus.

2 Corinthians 12:7-10 KJV

"⁷ And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure. ⁸ For this thing I besought the Lord thrice, that it might depart from me. ⁹ And he said unto me, My grace is sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness. Most gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me. ¹⁰ Therefore I take pleasure in infirmities, in reproaches, in necessities, in persecutions, in distresses for Christ's sake: for when I am weak, then am I strong."

Some of Life’s Storms are to Help others to Understand Jesus Love and Compassions towards them. That they can look from a different point of view other their own that God Does Love Them.

2 Timothy 2:10 KJV

“Therefore I endure all things for the elect's sakes, that they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.”

Colossians 1:24 KJV

“Who now rejoice in my sufferings for you, and fill up that which is behind of the afflictions of Christ in my flesh for his body's sake, which is the church:”

Some times in a Life Storm, we Walk because of Belief and find ourselves in over our heads. We begin to sink into what we would see as a disaster, but when we Call on Jesus and only focus on Him, we can get through any Life Storms that we may face and Jesus will help us though Our Disbeliefs that His Name, Jesus, May be Glorified.

Matthew 14:28-32 KJV

"²⁸ And Peter answered him and said, Lord, if it be thou, bid me come unto thee on the water. ²⁹ And he said, Come. And when Peter was come down out of the ship, he walked on the water, to go to Jesus. ³⁰ But when he saw the wind boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink, he cried, saying, Lord, save me. ³¹ And immediately Jesus stretched forth [his] hand, and caught him, and said unto him, O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt? ³² And when they were come into the ship, the wind ceased."

 Life Storms are going to happen, but we who are Blood Bought by Jesus have an Answer, have Help. Jesus is more than able to Deliver Us from any of Life’s Storms, but we have to Trust Him and Obey Him in doing so.

Amen and Amen!!!

Email: godsonlyfoundation@gmail.com

Website: ApostleLee.com

Who was Korah? He led a group of people to rebel against Moses and Aaron. Click on the link below to read what happened to Korah and his followers and how this story relates to us. #BibleStudy #Devotions #Evangelism #Numbers

https://www.ramckinley.com/the-story-of-korah-in-the-bible/

The moment Adam and Eve disobeyed God, they fell into sin. That fall created a sinful nature for the entire human race. A nature that drives humans to rebel against God. The Lord issued two curses. Click on the link below to see where they landed and how they affect us today. #BibleStudy #Devotions #Evangelism #Genesis

https://www.ramckinley.com/the-story-of-the-fall-of-man/

Greetings in The Mighty Name of Jesus, The Christ!!!

 Trinity Plus One

 Brothers and Sisters too many of you Believe and have Confessed that The Father, Jesus and The Holy Spirit are One Entity, but this is incorrect. There is The Father who started Life while Jesus was present and The Holy Spirit did the work. The reason of this message is to Understand that what we Believe and Say may not be correct.

Genesis 1:1 KJV

“In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth."

When we use the word God it is in the Plural, meaning we are addressing all three at one time. In this you are not speaking to The Father or Jesus or The Holy Spirit as independent of each other, but combining them as One. We know by Scripture that there are Three Independent Individuals, they are The Father, The Son and The Holy Spirit making the Dynamics of God.

Too many think that when they Pray to The Lord, that it also includes The Father and The Holy Spirit, but we know that this is incorrect. When we Pay to The Lord it is to Jesus whom has become Our Lord over our Lives.

John 14:6 KJV

“Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me."

I am sorry to disappoint, but, we cannot even approach The Father, we Must go through Jesus. The Father has turned everything over to His Son Jesus except one thing… Jesus cannot come back until The Father tells Him that He Can.

Matthew 24:36 KJV

“But of that day and hour knoweth no [man], no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only."

John 16:28 KJV

“I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go to the Father."

If The Father and Jesus where the Same Person then WHY does Jesus say that only The Father knows when His Return will be? WHY does Jesus say that when He Ascended into Heaven that He was go back to The Father? WHY when Jesus was Baptized did The Father Audibly saying This Is MY Son?

Matthew 3:16-17 KJV

"¹⁶ And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him: ¹⁷ And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased."

In this One Instant we see Trinity, we hear The Father speaking, we see The Holy Spirit Descending and we see Jesus being the focal point.

We need to have this Understanding, that Yes, The Father, Jesus and The Holy Spirit are One in this matter, They all three Agree In One Accord. To further this Understanding why would Jesus say that He ONLY did What He SEEN His Father Do…

John 5:19 KJV

“Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise."

John 5:30 KJV

“I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me."

Jesus made a Distinction between Himself and The Father. Else, God is crazy! With some of you who Believe that Jesus and The Father are the same person would be insane, in all the Scriptures thus far, it would mean that Jesus was a lunatic, looking at Himself to what He says and does? That Jesus came from Himself and will return back to Himself?

NO God is Not Crazy, nor is Jesus Our Lord a lunatic!!!

Now for The Holy Spirit, whom is a part of Godhead. Jesus made the Distinction between The Holy Spirit and Himself.

John 5:19 KJV

“Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise."

Jesus, asked The Father to send The Holy Spirit, again Trinity is proven having Distinct Identities, one from the other. Furthermore, The Holy Spirit will Not Speak of Himself, but only those things that Pertain To Jesus.

John 16:13-15 KJV

"¹³ Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, [that] shall he speak: and he will shew you things to come. ¹⁴ He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, and shall shew [it] unto you. ¹⁵ All things that the Father hath are mine: therefore said I, that he shall take of mine, and shall shew [it] unto you."

The Holy Spirit Distributes Power and Authority to do The Works Of Jesus and The Father. For all the Gifts, All of the Anointing, All of the Works are through The Holy Spirit, Jesus having Authority over such things.

1 Corinthians 12:4 KJV

“Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit."

We need to Understand this Distinction in Our Lives, for each has Their Own Part concerning Our Lives. For The Father Loves His Creation so much that He, He, He, The Father, SENT HIS, HIS, HIS Son to be Our Punishment For OUR Sin!!!

John 3:16-18 KJV

"¹⁶ For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. ¹⁷ For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved. ¹⁸ He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God."

Now for the Plus One.

When we Walk In Obedience we Become One with The Godhead, The Father, Jesus and The Holy Spirit. When we truly give Our Lives to Jesus as Savior and Lord, then we become One with the Godhead, even as they are and should be in every part of Our Lives.

When we Walk in Obedience, then we Love Jesus, The Father who sent Him and The Holy Spirit that keeps us, teaches us, guides us. When Walking in Obedience then Jesus and The Father will come, together to us, with The Holy Spirit, making Trinity Plus One…

John 14:23 KJV

“Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him."

Now, we being the Plus One, Walking IN Obedience, can Ask Jesus for our Needs, NOT Our Greed’s, but those things that pertain to His Will and Jesus will Supply.

John 14:12-15 KJV

"¹² Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater [works] than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father. ¹³ And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son. ¹⁴ If ye shall ask any thing in my name, I will do [it]. ¹⁵ If ye love me, keep my commandments."

 Understand this, that The Godhead wants us to be One With Them, that The Four will be One In All Things. That we Seek Not Our Will’s in this World, but only Seek The Will of The Godhead, making Us One.

We need to Understand these Distinctions, as well of Whom You Call Lord. Which is another teaching in itself. The World is moving to a Non-Binary God, both Male and Female being one in the same, we, Brothers and Sisters can not fall into this trap. The Godhead is Male, Masculinity, this is a fact and will never be changed. Our World is getting farther and farther from The Truth and are making up their own Reality on a Day-By-Day bases.  We need to be aware of whom We Serve, the Distinction, so that we may be Distinct From The World!

Amen and Amen!!!

Email: godsonlyfoundation@gmail.com

Website: ApostleLee.com

☀️ Good morning!

May your day be filled with the love and joy that comes from knowing and trusting in God. Remember, with Him all things are possible. Have a blessed day!

"Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs." - Bible Verse 1 Corinthians 13:4-5

As Christians, we are called to love one another, just as God loves us. In today's verse, we are given a clear picture of what love should look like. Love is not just an emotion, but it is also an action that we need to choose daily.

Love is patient, even when we don't feel like it. Love is kind, even when we are hurt or wronged. It does not envy or boast, but instead, it rejoices in the success of others. Love does not dishonor others or seek to only serve oneself. It is not easily angered and it does not keep a record of wrongs.

Let us strive to show love to those around us in the same way that God has shown love to us. Let us choose to be patient, kind, humble, and selfless. May we reflect God's love in our words and actions today and always.

Read full chapter

The Apostle Peter wrote an encouragement to those who are called and chosen by God. He said that those people must prove that they are among God's called and chosen. Who are these people and who do they have to prove it to? Click on today's post to read all about it. #2Peter #BibleStudy #Devotions

https://www.ramckinley.com/are-you-called-and-chosen-by-god/

Acidic etching solution is generally suitable for the inner circuit pattern production of multilayer printed boards. Compared with the FeCl3 etching method, the acidic CuCl2 etching method in the etching machine has a larger amount of molten copper, and the etching speed is easy to control. The etching solution is easy to regenerate and recycle. , less environmental pollution, the same scope of application to the resist layer.

The acidic CuCl2 etching solution is mainly composed of CuCl2, NaCl, HCL and so on. In this etching solution, because Cu2+ in CuCl2 is oxidizing, the copper on the surface of the part is oxidized to Cu+ in the Xinhengli vacuum etching machine, and Cu+ and Cl- combine to form Cu2Cl2. The chemical equation is: Cu+CuCl2= Cu2Cl2. The generated Cu2Cl2 is insoluble in water. In the presence of excess Cl-, this water-insoluble Cu2Cl2 and excess Cl- form complex ions to detach from the surface of the etched copper to complete the etching process. The chemical equation is: Cu2Cl2+4Cl-=2[CuCl3]2-

With more and more Cu+ in the etching machine, the etching ability will decrease rapidly, and eventually lose the etching ability. In order to ensure the corrosion ability of the etching solution, the etching solution can be regenerated in various ways to oxidize Cu+ into Cu2+. For the specific formula of the etching solution, please contact: 0757-86677701.

Effect of Cl- concentration in etching solution on etching rate: In acidic CuCl2 etching solution, both Cu2+ and Cu+ exist in Xinhengli etching machine in the state of complex ions. Copper is a friendly complex former due to its incomplete d-orbital electron shell. In general, four coordination bonds can be formed. When the etching solution in the etching machine contains a large amount of Cu-, Cu2+ exists in the form of copper tetrachloride ([CuCl4]2-), and Cu+ exists in the form of copper trichloride ([CuCl3]2-). Therefore, during the working process of the etching machine, the configuration and regeneration of the etching solution require a large amount of Cl- to participate in the reaction. At the same time, the concentration of Cl- also has a direct relationship with the etching speed, and the high concentration of Cl- is conducive to the formation of various copper complex ions, which accelerates the etching process.

The reason why adding Cl- can increase the etching rate is that when the etching reaction of copper occurs in the CuCl2 solution, the generated Cu2Cl2 is not easily soluble in water, and a layer of CuCl film is formed on the surface of the copper, which can prevent the further progress of the etching process. conduct. At this time, excess Cl- can complex with Cu2Cl2 to form soluble [CuCl3]2-, which dissolves from the surface of copper, thereby increasing the corrosion rate of Xinhengli etching machine.

Effect of temperature on etching process rate: As the temperature of the chemical solution in the etching machine increases, the etching rate increases. However, too high temperature will cause excessive volatilization of hydrochloric acid, resulting in an imbalance in the proportion of etching solution components, and too high temperature will damage the resist layer. Through many years of practical experience of Xinhengli, the temperature is controlled at 40 ℃~ 52°C is suitable.

Black iron fittings come in a variety of types and configurations, each designed for specific purposes and applications. By understanding the different types of black iron fittings, you can choose the appropriate fitting for your plumbing or industrial needs. Here are some common types of black iron fittings and their uses:

Black Iron Elbows: Elbows are fittings that allow for directional changes in plumbing or piping systems. Black iron elbows are available in different angles, such as 45 degrees or 90 degrees. They are commonly used to redirect flow around obstacles, create bends, or connect pipes at corners.

Black Iron Tees: Tees are fittings that have a T-shaped design, allowing for the connection of three pipes at a 90-degree angle. Black iron tees are used to create branch connections in plumbing systems, where a single pipe splits into two separate pipes. They are often used in industrial applications, water supply systems, or for creating intersections in pipelines.

Black Iron Couplings: Couplings are fittings used to connect two pipes of the same diameter in a straight line. Black iron couplings are threaded on both ends, allowing for easy installation and removal. They are commonly used to join pipes together or extend the length of a pipe in plumbing systems.

Black Iron Unions: Unions are fittings that provide a removable connection between two pipes. They consist of three parts: a nut, a female end, and a male end. Black iron unions are used in applications where periodic disconnection and reconnection of pipes are required for maintenance or repairs.

Black Iron Caps and Plugs: Caps and plugs are fittings used to close off the ends of pipes. Black iron caps have female threads and are used to seal the end of a pipe permanently, while plugs have male threads and can be removed or inserted as needed. Caps and plugs help to prevent the flow of fluids or gases and protect the integrity of the system.

Black Iron Bushings: Bushings are fittings used to connect pipes of different sizes. They have a threaded female end and a threaded male end of different diameters. Black iron bushings are used when the size of the pipe needs to be reduced or increased, allowing for a smooth transition between different pipe sizes.

Black Iron Reducers: Reducers are fittings used to connect pipes of different diameters. They have one end larger than the other, allowing for a reduction in pipe size. Black iron reducers are commonly used to adapt to different pipe sizes and facilitate the smooth flow of fluids or gases in plumbing systems.

Black Iron Crosses: Crosses are fittings that allow for the connection of four pipes at right angles. They have a plus (+) shape and provide multiple branching connections in plumbing or piping systems. Black iron crosses are used when multiple pipe lines need to intersect or split into different directions.

Black Iron Nipples: Nipples are short lengths of pipe with male threads on both ends. They are used to connect two female-threaded fittings or extend the length of a threaded pipe connection. Black iron nipples are commonly used in plumbing systems or for creating extensions in industrial piping.

It's important to note that these are just a few examples of the types of black iron fittings available. Other specialized fittings, such as crosses, valves, reducers, and more, are also commonly used in specific applications. Understanding the different types of black iron fittings and their uses will help you select the right fitting for your specific plumbing or industrial needs.

In the latter part of Psalm 40, David tells us that we can be filled with joy and gladness in the Lord. He also tells us how can we experience them. What is the difference though between joy and gladness? Click on the link below to find out. #BibleStudy #Devotions #Psalms #worship

https://www.ramckinley.com/be-glad-in-the-lord/