A dump truck is a vehicle that unloads its own cargo by hydraulic or mechanical lifting. Also known as dump truck. It is composed of car chassis, hydraulic lifting mechanism, cargo compartment and pick-up device.
The carriage of dump truck is divided into two kinds of backward tipping and lateral tipping, and the movement of piston rod is controlled through the manipulation system, the backward tipping is more common, pushing the piston rod to make the carriage tipping, and a few two-way tipping.
The structure of the engine, chassis and cab of the dump truck is the same as that of the general load car.
High-pressure oil enters the lifting hydraulic cylinder through the distribution valve and oil pipe, and the front of the carriage has a cab safety protection plate.
The engine drives the hydraulic pump through the transmission and power take-off device, and the hydraulic tipping mechanism of the carriage is composed of oil tank, hydraulic pump, distribution valve, lifting hydraulic cylinder, control valve and oil pipe, etc. The engine drives the hydraulic pump through the transmission and power take-off device.
The engine drives the hydraulic pump through the transmission and power take-off device, and the high-pressure oil enters the lifting hydraulic cylinder through the distribution valve and oil pipe to push the piston rod to make the car tilt. After the tilt is more common, through the manipulation system control piston rod movement, can make the carriage stop in any required tilt position. The carriage uses its own gravity and hydraulic control to reset.
Classification
Single Axle Dump Trucks
Single-axle dump trucks are typically equipped with a pickup cab and a hydraulic tipper at the rear and can carry up to 7.5 tons. Smaller single-axle dump trucks are available, which are better suited for urban environments that can carry up to 1 ton. These smaller versions are typically equipped with a pickup cab with a custom dump bed in the rear.
Tandem Axle Dump Trucks
Tandem axle dump trucks are typically used in the construction and aggregates industries. As the name implies, there are two axles in the rear, which can increase the payload to 15-16 tons.
Three-axle and four-axle dump trucks
Three- and four-axle dump trucks are slightly different from those mentioned earlier. They have additional lifting axles that can be lowered and raised when needed.
Types of Dump Trucks
There are a lot of dump truck variations out in the market. Each truck is built and designed to serve a different purpose.
Dump trucks differs in size, load limit, and mobility.
Knowing which one is appropriate for your small business is the first step to bringing efficiency to your operations.
The following are the more common types of dump trucks:
Standard Dump Trucks
Standard dump trucks are those with the back carriage mounted into its chassis. A hydraulic ram moves the back carriage, and its tailgate is configured to swing up using top hinges.
In the United States, the typical standard dump trucks have only one steering axle, whereas in Europe these usually have two steering axles.
Off-road dump trucks, sometimes called articulated trucks, are often used in mining operations. It is designed for hauling materials to off-road locations.
As its main purpose is to carry and transfer heavy load, trucks of this type usually will have a load limit of 40 to 60 tons.
Transfer Dump Trucks
Transfer dump trucks are those whose design maximizes the load capacity without compromising its maneuverability.
These are the common dump trucks seen in the western part of United States, as they can be configured to meet the weight restrictions in that area.
Side Dump Trailers
The design of side dump trucks makes unloading faster, dropping the load sideways instead of vertically lifting the cage. This minimizes the instances of tripping over and other accidents that may occur.
However, its load capacity tends to be smaller than standard dump trucks.
Despite being able to decrease operational risks, its characteristics made it one of the least favored options by many contractors.
This dump truck is only used if the construction site has plenty of space and room.
Other Dump Truck Configurations
There are still many other truck types that are rarely used due to their configurations. The best examples are:
- Super dump truck, and
- Semi-trailer end dump truck.
Even if these trucks differ in size, load capacity, and maneuverability, price ranges are still relatively close to each other.
Dump trucks are expensive and using your working capital to acquire can result in an instability with your budget.
To avoid the risk of putting the future of your operations in jeopardy, you need to consider using dump truck financing.
Cabover trucks, often referred to as COE (cab over engine) or cab forward (or forward control in England), differ from conventional trucks in that the cab is situated on top of the front axle and engine. This puts the driver above rather than behind the engine.
Today, cabover trucks are more common in Europe, Asia, Australia, and South Africa, than they are in North America. For a few decades, however, this type of truck was very popular in the United States due to maximum truck length regulations, and you can still find them out on the highway today.
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