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“And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
by whom we have now received the atonement.”
- Romans 5:11
1. Atonement Definition
a. Def. ~ Satisfaction for sins through a just sacrifice/suffering
b. Atonement is the condition, propitiation is the required sacrifice.
c. Propitiation def. ~ The sacrifice made for atonement
d. There is a positive and negative side to atonement / satisfaction vs. suffering
2. Sin Requires Atonement
a. Adam did not need atonement before sin
b. Sin is an offense against God – Psalm 51:4 (Gen 9:6)
c. The vengeance of God is just because of the offense of man - Nahum 1:2-3
d. Atonement is needed for sin – Num 16:41-48
e. Atonement washes the filth away - Isa 1:18, 4:4
f. Question: Who can atone? What is the sacrifice? Who can pay it?
3. Atonement and Christianity
a. The world knows the need to avenge, for justice, and retribution
b. Atonement satisfies justice - Psa 58:10-11
c. Atonement in Christ vs. self-atonement (substitution vs. personal) – Prov 20:9
4. Atonement Through the Bible
a. God’s atonement needed for every man, but it is offered differently (progressive)
b. Adam: Blood sacrifice – Gen 3:21, 4:3-4
c. Moses: Priestly sacrifice – Lev 17:11, 16:15-17,23:27-28
d. Prophets: Isa 53:5, 10-11, Jer 33:8
e. Jesus: Sinless sacrifice for the repentant – John 1:28, 10:15, Mat 20:28
f. Peter: Christ (suffering) + commandments – Heb 10:5, 1 John 2 & 4
g. Paul: Christ alone - Present atonement through faith in his blood – Rom 3:25, 5:11
5. Atonement and Salvation
a. It makes forgiveness, redemption, reconciliation, justification, sanctification possible
b. Christ’s atonement washes sins away, covers iniquity, and blots out transgressions
c. Peter’s waiting for future blotting – Acts 3:19
d. He was made sin for us – 2 Cor 5:21