Outdoor FTTH Drop Fiber Cable (GJXFH)

Description:

FTTH outdoor drop cable(GJYXFCH/GJYXCH) is also called self-supporting butterfly drop optical cable with a indoor butterfly cable and an additional strength member 1-12 fiber cores.

It is for outdoor communication applications. LSZH sheath is extruded outside for application of fiber to the home. 

Features:

Special low-bend-sensitivity fiber provides high bandwidth and excellent communication transmission property

Two parallel strength members ensure good performance of crush resistance to protect the fiber

Simple structure, light weight and high practicability

Novel flute design, easily strip and splice, simplify the installation and maintenance

Low smoke, zero halogen and flame retardant sheath

Simple structure, light weight and high practicability

Application:

Used in indoor cabling, especially used for FTTH

Used as access building cable 

 Product Parameter

Fiber Characteristic

Description of the LC pigtail single mode:

UnitekFiber provides Corning 12 colorful bulk fiber pigtails. The fiber pigtail is ususally using 0.9mm fiber cable. The cable can be 12 colors.

Installed LC, SC, FC or ST connector at the one end of the cable, the become a pigtail. Our colorful bulk pigtails is with low insertion loss, IEC, TIA/EIA, Telcordia compliant.

We offer customized fiber optic cable lengths and jacket colors.

Characteristics:

Low Insertion loss

High return loss

Good Repeatability

Good Interchange

Excellent Environmental Adaptability

Application:

Communication rooms

FTTH (Fiber to The Home)

LAN (Local Area Network)

FOS (fiber optic sensor)

Fiber Optic Communication System

Optical fiber connected and transmitted equipment

Defense combat readiness

Specification

The FTTH distribution terminal box is made of ABS material and is a box for protecting optical fiber cable and pigtail welding at the termination of the optical cable, and is mainly used for straight-through force connection, branch connection of the indoor optical cable and fixing of the cable terminal, and functions as a pigtail disk storage and protection joint.

FTTH terminal box is used in the end termination of drop cables in residential buildings and villas, to fix and splice with pigtails. FTTH terminal box can be installed on the wall and can adapt variety of optical connection styles.

Internal structure configuration instructions

Fiber fixing clip: fix incoming fiber cables;

Splice tray: used for welding and branching of optical fibers; the cover can be flipped, the disc can be stacked, the capacity is expanded, and the installation is extremely convenient.

UnitekFiber supplies various type of FTTH fiber optic termination box. Our terminal box is including 2 ports, 4 ports, 8 ports, 16 ports, 24 ports, 48 port etc. With different design.

We are specialized manufacturer in China supply high-quality products of FTTH Drop Cable, Flat FTTH Drop Cable and Self-support indoor outdoor FTTH fiber optic cable.

Product description:

FTTH(Fiber to the home) drop cable, the outer skin is generally black and white, the diameter is relatively small, and the flexibility is good; the cross section is 8-shaped, the reinforcing member is located at the center of the two circles, and the metal or non-metal structure can be used, and the optical fiber is located at the geometric center of the 8-shaped shape. The fiber inside the cable is mostly G.657 small bending radius fiber, which can be laid at a bending radius of 20mm. It is suitable for entering the house by pipe or distribution openly. The unique 8-shaped structure of the drop cable can realize the field end in the shortest time.

FTTH drop cable is a new type of fiber-optic cable. It is a butterfly-shaped cable. Because it is small in size and light in weight, it is suitable for the application of Fiber to the Home. It can be cut according to the distance of the site, increased the efficiency of construction.

Product type:

FTTH cable used in the access network according to the different communication networks. It is divided into indoor cable(GJXFH) and outdoor cable(GJXYFCH).

FTTH outdoor drop cable is also called self-supporting fiber cable with a steel wire and has strong tensile strength.

FTTH Indoor drop cable is also called butterfly optical cable.

Butterfly optical cable has a small radius of curvature, light weight, relatively good bending resistance, easy to fix, and easy termination in the 86 terminal box.
2.Butterfly-shaped fiber-optic cables are available in non-metallic reinforcing members and metal-reinforced members. In view of lightning protection and strong electrical interference, indoor non-metallic reinforcing members butterfly cables should be used.
3.At present, indoor butterfly cable has 1-12 cores. 1 fiber butterfly cable should be used for residential users. For official users can access 2-4 cores design of drop cable(office, business, hotel, hotel, etc.).

Fiber Optical Splice Closure is also called Fiber Optical Splice box. It is attributed to the mechanical pressure sealing joint system, and is a continuous protection device for supplying optical, sealing and mechanical strength continuity between adjacent optical cables. The optical cable Splice box is suitable for the straight-through and branch connection of the overhead, pipeline, direct burial and other laying methods of various layout optical cables.

There aren't many requirements for the fiber optic splice closure itself, but to make the fiber optic network run as efficiently as possible, choosing the right splice box for the network is a very important issue. The environment of the fiber cable laying from the front end to the hub or node box is very harsh and are relatively complex. It needs to be able to adjust the climate, fireproof, trenches or overhead cable laying will encounter sinister weather, branches, chemicals, car accidents, excavators, animal bites, bullets and other hazards.

The body of fiber optic cable joint box is made of imported reinforced plastic, which has high strength and corrosion resistance. The terminal splice box is suitable for the connection in the terminal room of the layout optical cable. The cable layout is sophisticated, the seal is firm and the construction is convenient. Fiber optical splice closure is widely used in communication, network systems, CATV cable TV, optical cable network systems, and so on. It is used for protective connection and fiber distribution between two or more optical cables.

Fiber optic passive components are an important part of fiber optic communication systems. Classified by function, there are fiber optic connectors, fiber optical adapters, optical attenuators, optical isolators, and optical circulators.

Optical fiber communication systems are developing towards access networks, broadband networks, dense wavelength division multiplexing systems, and all-optical networks, placing new and higher requirements on the technology of fiber optic passive devices.

Therefore, how to grasp the technical development direction of optical passive fiber optic components to meet the needs of the market has become a concern of the industry.UnitekFiber provides fiber optical components. Our components are including fiber optic connectors, fiber optic adapters, attenuators etc..With reliable quality control system for connectors ceramic ferrules and ceramic sleeve warranting stable performance at fiber optical network construction.

Classification and application of fiber optical components

There are many types of optical fiber passive devices, and the structure is varied. Generally, they are classified according to the functions of the devices.

Fiber optic (cable) connector has a connection function in a fiber optic communication line. In addition to the fixed termination between the optical cables, most of them are single-core or dual-core connectors, which are used for connecting the optical cable to the optical distribution frame (ODF), and connecting the optical distribution frame to the optical transceiver.Optical fiber connectors can be classified into common single-mode and multi-mode connectors of silicon-based fibers according to different transmission media, and other fiber-optic connectors such as plastics. According to the connection structure, it can be divided into FC, SC, ST, LC, D4, DIN, MU, MT and so on. Among them, ST connectors are usually used for wiring equipment terminals, such as fiber distribution frames, fiber modules, and so on. The SC and MT connectors are typically used on the network device side. PC, UPC and APC are divided according to the shape of the end face of the fiber. There are also single-core and multi-core (such as MT-RJ) according to the number of cores. Fiber optic connectors are used in a wide variety of applications. In the actual application process, we generally distinguish according to the structure of the fiber optic connector.

In a fiber-optic communication system, in order to achieve flexible connection between different devices and systems. It is necessary to have a component capable of connecting between optical fiber and optical fiber, so that the optical signal can be transmitted according to the required channel. The component to achieve this function is called fiber optic adapter. Optical fiber adapters can be divided into common single-mode and multi-mode adapters according to different transmission media; according to the connection structure, they can be divided into FC, SC, ST, LC, MTRJ, DIN, MU, MT, etc.; The shape of the end face of the fiber is divided into FC, PC (including SPC or UPC) and APC type; there are also single-core (single-core) and duplex (double-core) fiber adapters according to the number of cores.

The optical attenuator is configured to attenuate the optical power by a predetermined amount according to the requirements of the users. The function of the attenuator is to make the optical receiver not produce saturation distortion, or to meet certain tests in the optical line (such as the sensitivity test of the system), and to balance the power of the multiplexed branch optical power. There are two types of attenuators: variable fiber otpic attenuator and fixed optical attenuator.

Bulk fiber optical cable assemblies are convenient and economical fiber cable devices to running multiple patchcords or individual fiber cables. The bulk single mode fiber optic cable can be 4 to 144 fibers and distribute data channels. As important part of Plug & Play fiber cabling system, bulk fiber jumpers feature high-density, factory terminated & tested.

This fiber optical connectivity solution allows connection from central patch locations to work areas in a quick, simple and cost effective way, and with no need for unnecessary splicing or terminations in the field. They are commonly used in FTTC, FTTB, FTTH, FTTA, data center, industrial, robotic, health-care fields, etc..

UnitekFiber is a industry-leading manufacturer and provides high-quality pre-terminated bulk cables for indoor and outdoor applications. We are providing various type of connectors to meet customers’ demands. Such as MPO/MTP, SC, LC, FC, LX.5 and MU etc. Our fanout kits are including armourd tube, round type, Pulling eye type, box type and barrel type, etc. And with alternertive of cable diameters 0.9mm, 1.2mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, etc.  

All our single mode fiber optic cable bulk products can meet customers’ specific requirements.

If you want to buy bulk fiber optic cable, please don’t hesitate to contact us when you need any support. Our email is sales@unitekfiber.com

Description of breakout indoor fiber optic cable

Breakout fiber optic cable also can be called as distribution fiber optical cable is designed for Indoor uses. There are two types of fiber cable breakout. One is inside with 2.0/3.0mm tight buffered cables. The fiber glass cores of this cable structure commonly can reach 48 cores. The other is inside with 0.9mm tight buffered around with Kevlar yarn as strengthen support.

The cable fiber cores is 4-144 cores. The outer jacket for both type of cable is LSZH or PVC. The tensile strength for former type of fiber cable is much higher. Breakout cable is usually assembled with terminations to be a breakout or fan-out pigtails or path cords.

The distribution bundled pigtail fiber, also known as the tail fiber bundle, has a connector at one end and a broken end of the fiber cable at the other end. It is connected to the core of other fiber optic cables by splicing, and is often installed to connect terminal equipment in the ODF frame box, fiber terminal box. The pigtails are divided into multi-mode pigtails and single-mode pigtails. The multimode pigtail is orange with a wavelength of 850 nm and a transmission distance of 500 m for short-distance interconnection. The single-mode pigtail is yellow with two wavelengths, 1310nm and 1550nm, and the transmission distance is 10km and 40km respectively.

Bundle pigtail classification

Divided into end-to-end branch connections for use in distribution bundle pigtails.

According to the joint mode, it is divided into FC, SC, LC, and ST.

The end faces of the joints can be divided into PC, UPC and APC.

According to the specifications of the optical fiber, it can be divided into: 0.9mm outer sheath with a diameter of 0.9mm; 1.6mm outer sheath with a diameter of 1.6mm; 2.0mm outer sheath with a diameter of 2.0mm.

Bundle pigtail specifications and requirements

The specifications of the bundled pigtails for above picture are: wiring bundle cable for indoor use, metal-free components, 12-core and 8-core, G.652D-type optical fiber, low-smoke halogen-free jacket, connector type FC/UPC, The length is 1.8 meters.

Product Introduction

Air Blowing cable technology is a new way to make significant improvements in traditional fiber optic systems, facilitating the rapid adoption of fiber optic networks and providing users with a flexible, secure, cost-effective cabling system.

The blowing system consists of micro-tubes (single micro-tubes and micro-tubes), micro-cables, fittings and air blowing equipment.

Air Blowing cable technology development

In 1982, BT invented the Air blown cable technology.

In 1987, the British company Berry invented the single Air blown fiber technology.

In 1988, the world's first installation of indoor blown fiber was achieved.

In 1993, the entire system was developed and officially named as a Air blown fiber system and commercialized.

In 1997, the Netherlands air blown 10pcs of ø10mm micro tubes in a ø63/50 mm mother tube. NKF Telecom, a subsidiary of the DRAKA Group, used the air blowing technology and equipment of the Swiss company Politi to realize the commercial use of the network air blowing technology for the first time. This technology covers long-haul trunk lines, metropolitan area networks and fiber-to-the-home in Europe and the United States.

In 1995, former China Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications company cooperated with Swiss company Politi and the United States Dulan Company, for the fist time introduced the world's advanced air blowing cable technology and equipment to China.

The Air Blown Application

The air blowing micro fiber optical cable is composed of a combination of micro tubes (bundles), optical fibers (bundles), and blowing fiber devices.The air compressor is used as the power source for the traction fiber bundle, and the fiber bundle is quickly sent to the same micro tube bundle in the micro tube, and different types of fibers (beams) can be mixed and blown in different micro tubes.

To achieve fast installation and improved installation quality, all air-blown fiber cable are equipped with international standard prefabricated connectors on one end.

Air Blowing Fiber Optical Cable Machine

 The Laying methods of Air Blowing cable compare with other Fiber Optical cable, the tension of the Air Blowing Cable during the laying process is relatively uniform and much smaller.

The Air Blowing cable laying process is simplified and fast.

The Air Blowing cable can lay a long distance in one time. It will reduce the number of joints and reduce the attenuation.

The Air blown cable can greatly reduce the number of manholes and hand holes on the pipeline.

There is less manpower used in blowing cable laying operations.

It is convenient to replace the new type of optical fiber in the future, keep leading in technology and constantly adapt to market needs.

Description of Aerial Fiber Optic Cable

Aerial fiber optic cable is typically used when installing outside the pole. It is a fiber optic cable. Because the aerial fiber optic cable is installed externally, it is designed to protect against natural damage or man-made damage and theft. At present, aerial fiber optic cable is mainly used for secondary trunk lines and below. It is typically installed in flat terrain or low-fluctuation areas.

The method of erecting overhead cables is easy to accomplish. It is installed using existing overhead poles. This installation method has its own advantages. It can greatly save construction costs and shorten the construction period. The disadvantage of aerial fiber optic cable is that they are susceptible to natural disasters, external forces and mechanical strength. Aerial fiber optic cables have a higher failure rate than pipes or direct buried cables. In the case of natural disasters such as typhoons, ice, and floods, aerial fiber optic cables are prone to failure.The method of erecting overhead cables is easy to accomplish. It is installed using existing overhead poles. This installation method has its own advantages. It can greatly save construction costs and shorten the construction period. The disadvantage of long aerial fiber cable is that they are susceptible to natural disasters, external forces and mechanical strength. Aerial optical cables have a higher failure rate than pipes or direct buried cables. In the case of natural disasters such as typhoons, ice, and floods, aerial fiber optic cables are prone to failure.

Types of Aerial Fiber Optic Cables

Today, self supporting aerial fiber optic cables are used in large numbers. The installation method of aerial fiber cable is generally divided into catenary and self-support. The Catenary Wire Aerial Cable is a conventional outdoor loose tube cable, so it is also called outdoor aerial fiber cable. Catenary Wire Aerial Cables are typically bundled in a spiral form into a messenger or bundled into other cables. This is very common in CATV. In self-supporting overhead cables or all-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) cables, the principle of operation is to connect the cables to insulated steel or to an all-dielectric signal. The common types of ADSS are shown in the figure. Generally strong metal or aramid strength members can be made into ADSS cables. ADSS cables have a heavier jacket.

Introduction of ADSS Fiber Optical Cable

ADSS cable, All-dielectric Self-supporting Optical Cable (also known as All-dielectric self-supporting fiber optic cable). All-dielectric fiber optic cable is made of all-dielectric materials. Self-supporting means that the reinforcing member of the optical cable itself can withstand its own weight and external load. Because of its self-supporting , its mechanical strength is very important.

The use of all-dielectric materials is due to the fact that the cable is in a high-voltage, high-energy environment and must withstand the effects of high voltage. Since it is used overhead on the power pole tower, it must have a matching pendant to fix the cable to the tower. That is, the ADSS fiber cable has three key technologies: the mechanical design of the cable, the determination of the suspension point, and the selection and installation of the matching hardware.

The mechanical properties of ADSS fiber optic cable are mainly reflected in the maximum operating tension, average running tension and ultimate tensile strength of the cable. The national standard for ordinary optical cables specifies the mechanical strength that optical cables with different modes of use (such as overhead, pipelines, direct burial, etc.) should have. The ADSS cable is a self-supporting overhead cable, so it must withstand the long-term effects of its own gravity and must withstand the baptism of the natural environment. If the mechanical performance of the ADSS cable is not designed properly and is not compatible with the local weather, the cable will have a safety hazard and the life will be compromised. Therefore, each ADSS cable project must be designed with professional software according to the natural environment and span of the cable routing to ensure that the cable has sufficient mechanical strength. When the transmission line is already equipped with a ground wire and the remaining life is still quite long, it is necessary to build the optical cable system with low installation cost as soon as possible, and avoid the power outage operation, etc., the ADSS cable has great advantages.

ADSS cable jacket

ADSS cables use different jackets for different power routes. The most common ADSS jackets are available in two types: PE jacket and AT jacket. PE sheath is ordinary polyethylene sheath and used for power lines below 110KV. AT sheath is anti-tracking sheath and used for power lines above 100KV.

The characteristics of the ADSS cable are as follows

(1) Designed specifically for power systems, it is a self-supporting overhead cable with full- dielectric and its structure does not contain any metal materials;

(2) Fully-dielectric structure and high withstand voltage index are conducive to racking workers on overhead power lines with live operation, without affecting line operation;

(3) The anti-strand material with high tensile strength can withstand strong tension, meet the requirements of large span of overhead power lines, and prevent cockroaches and artificial shots;

(4) The thermal expansion coefficient of the ADSS cable is small. When the temperature changes greatly, the arc of the cable has little change, and its weight is light, and the load of ice and wind is small.

If you want to know more details of the ADSS fiber optic cable price, just feel free to contact us!

Introduction of ADSS Fiber Optical Cable

ADSS cable, All-dielectric Self-supporting Optical Cable (also known as All-dielectric self-supporting fiber optic cable). All-dielectric fiber optic cable is made of all-dielectric materials. Self-supporting means that the reinforcing member of the optical cable itself can withstand its own weight and external load. Because of its self-supporting , its mechanical strength is very important.

The use of all-dielectric materials is due to the fact that the cable is in a high-voltage, high-energy environment and must withstand the effects of high voltage. Since it is used overhead on the power pole tower, it must have a matching pendant to fix the cable to the tower. That is, the ADSS fiber cable has three key technologies: the mechanical design of the cable, the determination of the suspension point, and the selection and installation of the matching hardware.

The mechanical properties of ADSS fiber optic cable are mainly reflected in the maximum operating tension, average running tension and ultimate tensile strength of the cable. The national standard for ordinary optical cables specifies the mechanical strength that optical cables with different modes of use (such as overhead, pipelines, direct burial, etc.) should have. The ADSS cable is a self-supporting overhead cable, so it must withstand the long-term effects of its own gravity and must withstand the baptism of the natural environment. If the mechanical performance of the ADSS cable is not designed properly and is not compatible with the local weather, the cable will have a safety hazard and the life will be compromised. Therefore, each ADSS cable project must be designed with professional software according to the natural environment and span of the cable routing to ensure that the cable has sufficient mechanical strength. When the transmission line is already equipped with a ground wire and the remaining life is still quite long, it is necessary to build the optical cable system with low installation cost as soon as possible, and avoid the power outage operation, etc., the ADSS cable has great advantages.

ADSS cable jacket

ADSS cables use different jackets for different power routes. The most common ADSS jackets are available in two types: PE jacket and AT jacket. PE sheath is ordinary polyethylene sheath and used for power lines below 110KV. AT sheath is anti-tracking sheath and used for power lines above 100KV.

The characteristics of the ADSS cable are as follows

(1) Designed specifically for power systems, it is a self-supporting overhead cable with full- dielectric and its structure does not contain any metal materials;

(2) Fully-dielectric structure and high withstand voltage index are conducive to racking workers on overhead power lines with live operation, without affecting line operation;

(3) The anti-strand material with high tensile strength can withstand strong tension, meet the requirements of large span of overhead power lines, and prevent cockroaches and artificial shots;

(4) The thermal expansion coefficient of the ADSS cable is small. When the temperature changes greatly, the arc of the cable has little change, and its weight is light, and the load of ice and wind is small.

If you want to know more details of the ADSS fiber optic cable price, just feel free to contact us!

Description:

UnitekFiber supplies Fiber Optic Distribution Frame or Optical Patch Panel or ODF Fibre Panel. Our rack mount ODF is in 3U designed and sliding structure. It is made of cold-rolled steel with electrostatic spraying.

The ODF frame is loaded with adapter module cassettes.One adapter module cassette can be 12cores or 24cores and and is suitable for FC, SC, ST, LC, etc. adapters. 12pcs module cassettes cable be installed.The maximum fiber core is 288cores for our 3U ODF rack mount.It is easy to operate and maintain. The ODF fiber optic terminal box  is widely used in distribution and end connection of indoor cables.

Structure:

Standard size, light weight and reasonable structure

Splice tray inside changeable

Can be used in 19'', 23'' standard distribution frame

Suitable for ribbon and single fiber

Various panel plate to fit different adapter interface

24C, 36C, 48C, 72C, 96C optional, with or without fiber optic pigtails and adapters

Easy for management and operation

Customizable color and LOGO

Applications:

Telecommunications subscriber loop

Fiber to the home (FTTH)

LAN/WAN

CATV

Packing Information

There are two protective requirements for optical fibers in formation of the fiber optic cables: one is less stress on optical fibers; the other is waterproof of optical fibers.

The outermost layer of the cable is a plastic sheath, and the inside is a metal sheath, and more inside is a water-blocking layer expanded by water. The core of the cable is pasted together with the optical fiber. Fiber optic has four waterproof gates, namely, plastic sheath, metal sheath, water-proof layer and ointment. Then the question arises. Why are optical fibers so afraid of water? Why aren't the aquarium glass and window glass at home afraid of water while they are waterproof? Why are they all glass so different?

It is generally believed that optical fibers are not afraid of water, because glass has excellent water absorption. It is generally believed that optical fibers are not afraid of water, because glass has excellent water absorption. But in fact, water is very harmful to cables. If water enters the fiber optic cable, it will damage the optical fiber if it freezes and expands in the cold water, so the cable needs to be filled with ointment to prevent moisture from entering.

The reason why optical fibers are afraid of water is that optical fibers are made up of glass (Si04) tetrahedrons connected with each other. In a Si-O-Si network, oxygen atoms exist in the form of bridge oxygen. However, in the environment with water, after the glass surface adsorbs water and gas, the hydrolysis reaction slowly occurs, which leads to the breakage of the silicon-oxygen bond in the original network-Si-10-Si-1 and the transformation of bridge oxygen into non-bridge oxygen. As a result, the glass cracks are caused, which are growing continuously. 

Whether for fish tank glass, window glass or optical fiber glass, they are afraid of water. The difference is that fish tank glass, window glass are very thick, with the thickness of 3mm, 5mm, l0mm, even if there are 0.05mm cracks do not affect the strength of the glass, and naked eyes can not see changes. Fiber optic glass is different. The diameter of fiber optic glass is only 0.125 mm, which is as thin as hair. If there is an 0.05 mm crack, the diameter of fiber optic will remain 0.075 mm. Therefore, fiber optic is very easy to break. In addition, the appearance of OH root will increase the absorption loss of fiber to light. This is why aquarium glass and window glass are not afraid of water while optical fiber glass is afraid of water.

Even so, the cable is damaged, and the joint box is not sealed properly, and the exposure of bare fibers will lead to shorter service life and natural fiber breakage due to water.

Shenzhen Yutai Optoelectronic Communications Co., Ltd. provides high quality optical cables, which is the best choice for buying fiber optic cable.

Today, Shenzhen Yutai Photoelectric Communications Co., Ltd. came to tell you three common laying methods of outdoor optical cables

1. Selection conditions of direct burial laying method.
The direct burial laying method is suitable for the areas where excavation is not frequent between buildings.

Direct burial laying can also be used in frequently renovated areas or road edges under sidewalks.

In areas with more underground pipeline networks, there may be places where molten metals and high-temperature liquids overflow, so direct burial is not suitable.

It is not suitable to use direct burial method in the soil corroded by chemical or stray current.

2. Direct burial laying must meet the following requirements in concrete construction.
Avoid areas with severe acid, alkali or chemical corrosion. If no protective measures are taken, avoid termite hazards, heat sources and areas vulnerable to external force damage.

Fiber optic cable should be laid in trenches, soft soil or sand layer with thickness not less than 100 mm along the upper, lower and adjacent sides of the full length of the cable.

Along the full length of the optical cable, the protective panels with a width not less than 50 mm on each side of the cable should be covered, and the protective panels should be made of concrete.

Located in urban roads and other places where excavation is frequent, and visible signs can be laid on the upper protective board.

Located in the suburbs or open areas, the lines along the cable path with a straight interval of about 100 meters, turning or joint parts, we should set up a clear azimuth sign and marking pile.

When directly buried in the non-frozen soil area, the foundation from the outer skin of optical cable to the underground structure shall not be less than 0.3m; the depth from the outer skin of optical cable to the ground shall not be less than 0.7m; when located in the roadway or under the cultivated land, it shall be deepened appropriately, which is not less than 1m.

When directly buried radiation is in the frozen soil area, it is better to bury it below the frozen soil layer; when it cannot be buried deeply, it can be buried in the dry frozen soil layer or backfill soil with good drainage property of soil, and other measures can be taken to prevent the damage of optical cable.

When directly buried optical cables intersect railways, highways and streets, they should be put through protective pipes, and the protective scope is more than 0.5m on both sides of roadbed, street pavement and drainage ditch.

When directly buried optical cables are introduced into structures, protective pipes should be installed at the holes through the walls, and water-blocking and blockage should be implemented at the orifices of the pipes.

The net distance between direct buried fiber cables and adjacent optical cables shall not be less than 0.25m; the joint positions of parallel optical cables shall be staggered and not less than 0.5m net distance; the joint placement at the slope terrain shall be horizontal; for the cable joints of important circuits, it is advisable to lay them in the local section starting at about 1000mm on both sides by reserved dosage method. We can set up optical cable according to reserved dosage method.

The soil quality of the backfill should be non-corrosive to the outer sheath of the fiber optic cable when special soil replacement is adopted for the backfill of the direct buried fiber cables.

Direct buried fiber cables are strictly prohibited directly under or under underground pipelines.

Indoor cables：

Fiber cables can be divided into indoor outdoor fiber cable according to different use environments. Indoor optical cables are classified according to their usage environment, while outdoor optical cables are the opposite.

Indoor optical cable is a kind of cable formed by optical fiber (optical transmission carrier) through a certain process. It is mainly composed of optical fibers (glass filament as thin as hair) and plastic protective sleeve and plastic outer skin. There are no gold, silver, copper and aluminum in the optical cable, and there is generally no recycling value.

Indoor optical cable is a kind of communication line that a certain number of optical fibers form a cable core in a certain way, and some of them are wrapped with sheaths or outer sheaths to realize optical signal transmission.

Indoor optical cable has low tensile strength and poor protective layer, but it is also more portable and economical. Indoor optical cables are mainly suitable for wiring in buildings and connection between network devices.

Characteristics of indoor optical cable：

Indoor optical cables have smaller tensile strength and poorer protective layer, but they are relatively lighter and more economical. Indoor optical cable is mainly suitable for horizontal wiring subsystem and vertical backbone subsystem. Outdoor optical cables have higher tensile strength, thicker protective layer, which are usually armoured packages (i.e. metal skin wrapped). Outdoor optical cables are mostly used in building group subsystems, and can be used in the occasions such as outdoor burial, pipeline, overhead and underwater laying and so on.

Outdoor Fiber Cable：

Outdoor optical cable is the optical cable used for outdoor. The contrast is the indoor optical cables. Outdoor optical cable is a communication line for optical signal transmission. A certain number of optical fibers form a cable core in a certain way, which is wrapped with sheaths and some with outer sheaths.

The features of the outdoor optical cable :

It is mainly composed of optical fibers (glass filament as thin as hair) and plastic protective sleeve and plastic outer skin. There are no gold, silver, copper and aluminum in the optical cable, and there is generally no recycling value. Outdoor optical cables have higher tensile strength, thicker protective layer, which are usually armoured (i.e. metal skin wrapped). Outdoor optical cables are mainly suitable for interconnection between buildings and remote networks.

(1) Aerial fiber cable should adopt steel strand support type in preference. The structure is erected by suspension or bundling (winding) of poles and routes.

(2) Aerial fiber cable should have the corresponding mechanical properties, such as shock resistance, wind resistance, snow, low temperature and other meteorological loads generated tension, and have moisture-proof, waterproof performance. Generally, according to the nature of the line, the environment and local conditions, whether using the filling paste optical cable or not can be decided, but there should be a moisture-proof layer (aluminum foil layer).

(3) The distance between poles of aerial lines is 35-40 meters in urban area and 40-50 meters in suburban area. The distance between poles of overhead lines varies with different weather load zones. The shortest distance is 25m and the longest distance is 67m. The division of load zones in China is based on wind, ice and temperature.

(4) The aerial fiber cable lines should make full use of the existing overhead pole road and hang optical cable. Its pole road strength and other requirements should meet the building standards of overhead communication lines.

(5) Galvanized steel strand with specification of 7/2.2mm should be used for suspension of aerial fiber cable. The safety factor of the suspension line shall not be less than 3 (S > 3). When the weight of optical cable exceeds 1.5 kg/m, the distance between poles can be reduced or 7/2.6 mm strands can be used in heavy load area when the overhead laying mode is needed for long distance primary trunk lines.

(6) The aerial fiber cable should be selected to meet the requirements of temperature characteristics according to the use environment. - aerial laying should not be used in areas below 30℃.

In the network hardware, there is another kind of network transmission media that can not be ignored. We usually call it the network line. At present, the common network cables are thin twisted pair, fiber optic cable, coaxial cable and thick coaxial cable.

Fiber optic cable is a new generation of transmission media.

Compared with copper media, the security, reliability and network performance of fiber cable have been greatly improved. In addition, the bandwidth of optical fiber transmission is much larger than that of copper cable, and the maximum connection distance supported by optical fiber transmission is more than two kilometers, which is the inevitable choice to build a large-scale network. Fiber optic cable has many advantages, such as good anti-electromagnetic interference, strong confidentiality, fast speed and large transmission capacity, so its price is more expensive, and it is seldom used in home occasions.

At present, there are two kinds of fibers--single-mode fibers and multi-mode fibers (so-called "mode" refers to a beam of light entering the fibers at a certain angle). Multi-mode optical fibers are generally used for network connections in the same office building or relatively close areas. Single-mode optical fibers transfer data with higher quality and longer transmission distance, which are usually used to connect office buildings or geographically dispersed networks. If the optical fiber cable is used as the transmission medium of the network, the optical transceiver and other devices need to be added, so the cost is higher, and it is seldom used in general applications.

Twisted pair cable is a flexible communication cable, which contains pairs of insulated copper wires. It is characterized by low price, so it is widely used, such as our common telephone lines. According to the different maximum transmission rates, twisted pairs can be divided into three categories, five categories and super five categories. Three types of twisted pairs have a speed of 10 mb/s, five types can reach 100 mb/s, and the super-five types can reach 155 mb/s, which can meet the needs of multimedia data transmission in the future. Therefore, five or even super-five types of twisted pairs are recommended.

Twisted pair can also be divided into shielded twisted pair (stp) and unshielded twisted pair (utp). STP twisted pair has a lower speed (only 4mb/s), but its anti-interference ability is stronger than UTP twisted pair, so its price is much higher. Now this cheaper kind of twisted pair is a few yuan a meter, while it may be tens of yuan for the expensive ones. In contrast, the price of UTP twisted pair is generally about one yuan per meter, which is relatively low.

In addition, the popular terms of 10m and 100m unshielded twisted pairs are called 10Base-T and 100base-t, which are often seen on the market. RJ45 crystal head is also used to make the connection between twisted pair and network card RJ45 interface. Its quality is directly related to the stability of the whole network, which can not be ignored.

Coaxial cable is a kind of transmission medium which is familiar to many friends. It is a layer of insulated wire wrapped around the central copper conductor cable. Its greatest feature is good anti-interference ability, stable transmission data, and cheap, so it was once widely used, such as closed-circuit television lines. However, coaxial cables have been widely used in the past, mainly because the bus network structure composed of coaxial cables has low cost, but the damage of a single cable may lead to the paralysis of the whole network and difficult maintenance, which is its biggest drawback.

The following are four  indoor fiber optic cable types:

First, vertical lifting optical cable（riser）

After the cable enters the building, it is necessary to provide the connection between the entrance equipment, equipment room or computer room and the communication cabinet on different floors, which is called "vertical wiring system". At this time, most of the cables are located in the vertical pipe (Riser) of the vertical shaft between floors. For this reason, the fiber optic cable needs to bear greater tension force (maximum self-weight).

Second, single-core and dual-core interconnected indoor optical cable

The indoor optical cables of the compact single-core, compact 8-word double-core, compact 2-4-core circular structure are small in size, good in flexibility, which can withstand very small bending radius, and have no trace of inventory because of the use of the compact sleeve structure with very good flexibility and high-load aramid yarn around the compact optical fibers. It is an ideal choice for interconnected optical cables, such as optical fiber to workstation, communication cabinet interpolation wiring, tail fiber, jumper, communication cabinet to indoor wall lead-out end, lead-out end to transceiver application, etc. They are directly equipped with standard connectors, and play the role of interconnection between optical devices and backbone (vertical) optical cables in communication cabinets, distribution boxes, protection boxes and equipment boxes. It is convenient and easy to install the cable in limited space, and it is an ideal network cable scheme for wiring in limited space and inserting soft wires into buildings.

Third, plenum for inflatable environment(Plenum)

In indoor applications, plenum-level indoor optical cables are required when optical cables need to pass through pipelines, high-pressure inflatable space or air handling systems to transmit information. This special environment puts forward stricter requirements for flame retardancy and corrosion resistance of optical cables. Therefore, the tightening material and outer protective material of indoor optical cables are more stringent. The tightening material is PVC material, and the outer protective material is PVC material with flame retardant or hard fluorinated polymer which meets UL certification. PVC design is superior to fluorinated polymers. Because PVC is soft, flexible, and has no trace of storage, it can be stored in circles.

Fourth, rat-proof optical cable

Single-core or multi-core tightly-sheathed fiber optic cables protected by stainless steel hoses have strong lateral pressure resistance, high flexural and tensile strength, and excellent rodent resistance. It can be used in trampling occasions, such as under carpet laying or limited space occasions where frequent bending or rodent damage is required.

In addition, there are several matters:

1. When using fiber-optic ribbon and cable to enter buildings, indoor fiber-optic ribbon and cable (fiber-optic ribbon and aramid yarn and PVC sheath) can be selected.
2. When laying underground pipelines and ceilings between equipments, reinforced structures can be adopted, such as PE, PU sheaths on the basis of distribution cables or aluminium-PE sheaths on the basis of dispersed cable structures.
3. When the distribution cable adopts metal armoured sheath, it can be laid overhead and directly buried.
4. Low-smoke halogen-free (LSZH) materials can be used as jackets when the requirements of the toxicity and smoke are high. Fifthly, the PU sheath has good anti-friction, scratch and chemical erosion properties, which can be used in emergency, emergency repair and military optical cables.

The armoured components of optical cables are all metal conductors. If the power lines are short-circuited or lightning strikes the metal parts, strong current will be generated to destroy the optical cable line equipment, and even casualties will occur in serious cases.

1. Shock of Lightning

The armoured components of optical cables are all metal conductors. If the power lines are short-circuited or lightning strikes the metal parts, strong current will be generated to destroy the optical cable line equipment, and even casualties will occur in serious cases.

2. Insulation of optical cable lines is poor

If the insulation of communication optical cable line is not done well, the operation strength of optical cable will be greatly reduced due to stress corrosion and static fatigue after the joint box is inundated or in the case of dampness, and cable breakage will occur in serious cases.

3. The influence of external forces

Line faults are often caused by external forces. Because many communication optical cable lines are laid in the field, the general burial standard is deep below the ground, so it can not effectively avoid the damage of many external factors to the optical cable lines.

4. Faults at line joints

Faults are most likely to occur at the junction of the line, because the optical fibers at the junction have no protection to the original cable structure or the protection has been significantly weakened, so the routine operation and protection work can only rely on the junction box, which leads to a great increase in the probability of faults.

Shenzhen Yutai Photoelectric Communications Co., Ltd. provides high quality optical cables. The fiber optic cable price is in line with your wishes. Welcome to choose and buy.